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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Pulse trawl fishing: characteristics of the electrical stimulation and the effect on behaviour and injuries of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
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Pulse trawl fishing: characteristics of the electrical stimulation and the effect on behaviour and injuries of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

机译：脉冲拖网捕捞：电刺激的特征及其对大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）行为和伤害的影响

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In the North Sea flatfish fishery, electric pulse trawls have been introduced to replace the conventional mechanical method. Pulse trawls reduce the fuel consumption, reduce adverse impact on the ecosystem but cause injuries in gadoids. We describe the design and electrical properties of pulse trawls currently in use and study the behavioural response and injuries in cod exposed to electrical pulses under controlled conditions. Pulse trawls operate at an average power of 0.7 kW m(-1) beam length and a duty cycle of similar to 2%. The electric field is heterogeneous with highest field strength occurring close to the conductors. Cod were exposed to three different pulse types for a range of field strengths, frequencies, and duty cycles. Two size classes were tested representing cod that escape through the meshes (11-17 cm) and market-sized cod that are retained in the net (34-56 cm). Cod exposed to a field strength of >= 37 V m(-1) responded by moderate-to-strong muscular contractions. Some of the large cod (n = 260) developed haemorrhages and fractures in the spine, and haemal and neural arches in the tail part of the body. The probability of injuries increased with field strength and decreased when frequency was increased from 100 to 180 Hz. None of the small cod (n = 132) were injured and all survived. The field strength at the lateral boundaries of the trawl was too low to inflict injuries in cod.
机译：在北海比目鱼渔业中，已引入电脉冲拖网以代替传统的机械方法。脉冲拖网减少了燃料消耗，减少了对生态系统的不利影响，但对角质造成了伤害。我们描述了当前使用的脉冲拖网的设计和电气特性，并研究了在受控条件下暴露于电脉冲的鳕鱼的行为响应和伤害。脉冲拖网的平均功率为0.7 kW m（-1）光束长度，占空比约为2％。电场是不均匀的，在导体附近会出现最高的场强。对于一定范围的场强，频率和占空比，鳕鱼暴露于三种不同的脉冲类型。测试了两个尺寸类别，分别表示通过网孔逃逸的鳕鱼（11-17厘米）和保留在网中的市售尺寸的鳕鱼（34-56厘米）。鳕鱼暴露于> = 37 V m（-1）的场强通过中度到强壮的肌肉收缩反应。一些大的鳕鱼（n = 260）在脊柱出现出血和骨折，在身体的尾巴部位出现血液和神经弓。受伤的可能性随场强而增加，而当频率从100 Hz增加到180 Hz时，受伤的可能性降低。小鳕鱼（n = 132）没有受伤，全部幸存。拖网侧向边界处的场强太低，无法对鳕鱼造成伤害。

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