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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Distribution of benthic megafauna in the Barents Sea: baseline for an ecosystem approach to management
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Distribution of benthic megafauna in the Barents Sea: baseline for an ecosystem approach to management

机译：巴伦支海底栖大型动物的分布：生态系统管理方法的基准

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摘要

Benthos plays a significant role as substrate, refuge from predation and food for a wide variety of fish and invertebrates of all life stages and should therefore be considered in the ecosystem approach (EA) to management. Epibenthos from trawl catches, used in annual assessments of commercial fish stocks, was identified and measured on-board. The 2011 dataset present the baseline mapping for monitoring and included 354 taxa (218 to species level) analysed with multivariate statistical methods. This revealed four main megafaunal regions: southwestern (SW), banks/slopes in southeast and west (SEW), northwestern (NW), and northeastern (NE) which were significantly related to depth, temperature, salinity, and number of ice-days. The SW region was dominated by filter-feeders (sponges) in the inflow area of warm Atlantic water while the deeper trenches had a detritivorous fauna (echinoderms). In the SEW region, predators (sea stars, anemones and snow crabs) prevailed together with filtrating species (sea cucumber and bivalves) within a mosaic of banks and slopes. Plankton-feeding brittlestars were common in the NW and NE region, but with increasing snow crab population in NE. Climate change, potentially expanding trawling activity, and increasing snow and king crab populations might all have impacts on the benthos. Benthos should therefore be a part of an integrated assessment of a changing sea, and national agencies might consider adding benthic taxonomic expertise on-board scientific research vessels to identify the invertebrate "by-catch" as part of routine trawl surveys.
机译：Benthos在各种生命阶段的各种鱼类和无脊椎动物中充当底物，避开捕食和食物的重要角色，因此应在生态系统方法（EA）中加以考虑。鉴定并在船上测量了拖网捕捞的鱼，用于年度商业鱼类种群评估。 2011年的数据集提供了用于监测的基线图，并包括了使用多元统计方法分析的354个分类单元（218个物种级别）。这揭示了四个主要大型动物区：西南（SW），东南和西部（SEW），西北（NW）和东北（NE）的河岸/斜坡，它们与深度，温度，盐度和冰天数显着相关。在西南大西洋的流入地区，西南部地区以滤食层（海绵）为主，而较深的海沟则有有害的动物群（棘皮动物）。在SEW地区，在堤岸和斜坡的马赛克中，捕食者（海星，海葵和雪蟹）与过滤物种（海参和双壳类动物）一起盛行。在西北和东北地区，以浮游生物为食的脆星很常见，但东北地区的雪蟹数量却在增加。气候变化，潜在的拖网活动扩大，积雪和帝王蟹数量的增加都可能对底栖生物产生影响。因此，Benthos应该成为对不断变化的海洋进行综合评估的一部分，并且国家机构可能考虑在科学研究船上增加底栖生物分类专业知识，以将无脊椎动物“副渔获物”识别为例行拖网调查的一部分。

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