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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >An alternative reference point in the context of ecosystem-based fisheries management: maximum sustainable dead biomass
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An alternative reference point in the context of ecosystem-based fisheries management: maximum sustainable dead biomass

机译：在基于生态系统的渔业管理中的替代参考点：最大的可持续死生物量

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摘要

Under the 2013 Reform of the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), fisheries management aims to ensure that, within a reasonable time frame, the exploitation of marine biological resources restores and maintains populations of harvested stocks above levels that can produce the maximum sustainable yield (MSY). The CFP also calls for the implementation of an ecosystem-based approach to fisheries management (EBFM). In this paper, we present the concept of maximum sustainable dead biomass (MSDB) and its associated management reference points for fishing mortality and spawning-stock biomass as alternatives to those associated with MSY. The concept of MSDB is illustrated by a dynamic pool production model of a virtual fish stock which takes into account variations in natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F), and exploitation pattern. Our approach implies a compensatory mechanism whereby survivors may benefit from compensatory density dependence and is implemented through progressive substitution of M with F for varying rates of total mortality (Z). We demonstrate that the reference points for fishing mortality and spawning-stock biomass associated with MSDB are less sensitive to increasing compensation of M with F than those associated with MSY and more sensitive to changes in selection pattern. MSDB-based reference points, which are consistent with maximum stock productivity, are also associated with lower fishing mortality rates and higher stock biomasses than their MSY-based counterparts. Given that selection pattern can be influenced through fishery input measures (e.g. technical gear measures, decisions on areas, and/or times of fishing), whereas variations of M in response to F are not controllable (indeed poorly understood), that the results of many fish stock assessments are imprecise, that maximum stock productivity corresponds to MSDB and that MSY-based reference points may best be considered as limits, we propose that MSDB-based reference points provide a more appropriate basis for management under an EBFM.
机译：根据2013年欧盟共同渔业政策（CFP）的改革，渔业管理旨在确保在合理的时间范围内开发海洋生物资源，将捕捞种群的数量恢复并维持在能够产生最大可持续产量的水平之上（MSY）。 CFP还呼吁实施基于生态系统的渔业管理方法（EBFM）。在本文中，我们提出了最大可持续枯死生物量（MSDB）的概念及其相关的渔业死亡率和产卵生物量管理参考点，作为与MSY相关的替代方法。 MSDB的概念由虚拟鱼类种群的动态库生产模型说明，该模型考虑了自然死亡率（M），捕捞死亡率（F）和开发模式的变化。我们的方法暗示了一种补偿机制，据此，幸存者可能会从补偿密度依赖性中受益，并通过用不同的总死亡率（Z）逐渐用F替代M来实现。我们证明，与MSDB相关的捕鱼死亡率和与MSDB相关的产卵生物量的参考点对MS对F补偿的敏感度较MSY较低，对选择模式的变化更敏感。与基于MSDB的对应点相比，基于MSDB的参考点与最大的种群生产力相一致，而且还具有较低的捕捞死亡率和较高的种群生物量。鉴于选择模式会受到渔业投入措施（例如技术装备措施，决定捕鱼的区域和/或捕鱼时间）的影响，而M对F的变化是不可控制的（事实上理解不清），因此许多鱼类种群评估不准确，最大种群生产力对应于MSDB，最好将基于MSY的参考点视为极限，我们建议基于MSDB的参考点为EBFM下的管理提供更合适的基础。

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  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2015年第8期|2257-2268|共12页
  • 作者

    Raetz Hans-Joachim; Casey John; Holmes Steven J.; Lloret Josep; Doerner Hendrik; Mitrakis Nikolaos; Charef Aymen;

  • 作者单位

    European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy|Thunen Inst Sea Fisheries, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany;

    CEFAS Lowestoft Lab, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England|European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;

    European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;

    Univ Girona, Fac Sci, Girona 17071, Spain;

    European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;

    European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;

    European Commiss, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen IPSC, Joint Res Ctr JRC, Maritime Affairs Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    compensatory density effects; ecosystem-based fishery management reference points; MSY; sustainability;

    机译：补偿密度效应;基于生态系统的渔业管理参考点;MSY;可持续性;

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