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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Modelling the effects of variation in reproductive traits on fish population resilience
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Modelling the effects of variation in reproductive traits on fish population resilience

机译：模拟繁殖性状的变化对鱼类种群适应力的影响

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摘要

Preserving larger fish is often advocated as a conservation measure to help fish populations buffer environmental variation and fishing pressure. The rationale is that several size-and age-dependent reproductive traits confer a higher reproductive value to larger fish. The effects of variation in these reproductive traits on the dynamics of populations under various fishing patterns are however seldom evaluated. In this study, we develop a simulation model to evaluate how variation in three reproductive traits (fecundity-mass, hatching probability, and batch spawning) impacts the capacity of a fish population to withstand and recover from high fishing pressure. Biological functions of the model were calibrated based on the Gulf of Maine Atlantic cod stock, which is currently experiencing its lowest biomass level ever estimated. Results showed that variation in the shape of the fecundity-mass relationship had the most substantial impact on population resistance and recovery. Batch spawning and variation in hatching probability had limited impacts. Furthermore, results showed that preserving larger fish by imposing a slot fishery increased the resistance of the population to high fishing pressure, because it helped preserve the population reproductive potential determined by the high fecundity of large fish. The slot fishery, however, impeded population recovery, because it distributed the fishing pressure on intermediate-size classes which potential for biomass growth is maximal. This study underlines the importance of using precise size-dependent fecundity estimates when evaluating the productivity and sustainability of fisheries, as well as the importance of identifying priority among the components of population resilience (e.g. resistance or recovery) before implementing size-selective harvest strategies.
机译：经常提倡养大鱼，作为一种养鱼措施，以帮助鱼群缓冲环境变化和捕捞压力。基本原理是，几种大小和年龄相关的繁殖性状赋予较大的鱼类更高的繁殖价值。但是，很少评估这些生殖特性的变化对各种捕鱼方式下种群动态的影响。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个仿真模型来评估三个繁殖性状（产卵量，孵化率和分批产卵）的变化如何影响鱼类种群承受和承受高捕捞压力的能力。该模型的生物学功能是根据缅因州大西洋鳕鱼的种群进行校准的，该种群目前正处于有史以来最低的生物量水平。结果表明，繁殖力-质量关系的形状变化对种群抵抗和恢复的影响最大。批量产卵和孵化率的变化影响有限。此外，结果表明，通过实施散养渔业来保存较大的鱼类会增加种群对高捕捞压力的抵抗力，因为这有助于保留由大型鱼类的高繁殖力决定的种群繁殖潜力。但是，由于其将捕捞压力分布在中等规模的种类上，因此潜在的生物量增长潜力最大，因此散打渔业阻碍了种群的恢复。这项研究强调了在评估渔业的生产力和可持续性时使用精确的大小相关的繁殖力估计的重要性，以及在实施大小选择性捕捞策略之前确定种群适应力（例如抵抗力或恢复）组成部分中优先顺序的重要性。

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