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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Ecosystem-based management objectives for the North Sea: riding the forage fish rollercoaster
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Ecosystem-based management objectives for the North Sea: riding the forage fish rollercoaster

机译：北海基于生态系统的管理目标：乘坐饲草过山车

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摘要

The North Sea provides a useful model for considering forage fish (FF) within ecosystem-based management as it has a complex assemblage of FF species. This paper is designed to encourage further debate and dialogue between stakeholders about management objectives. Changing the management of fisheries on FF will have economic consequences for all fleets in the North Sea. The predators that are vulnerable to the depletion of FF are Sandwich terns, great skua and common guillemots, and to a lesser extent, marine mammals. Comparative evaluations of management strategies are required to consider whether maintaining the reserves of prey biomass or a more integral approach of monitoring mortality rates across the trophic system is more robust under the ecosystem approach. In terms of trophic energy transfer, stability, and resilience of the ecosystem, FF should be considered as both a sized-based pool of biomass and as species components of the system by managers and modellers. Policy developers should not consider the knowledge base robust enough to embark on major projects of ecosystem engineering. Management plans appear able to maintain sustainable exploitation in the short term. Changes in the productivity of FF populations are inevitable so management should remain responsive and adaptive.
机译：北海提供了一个有用的模型，可以在基于生态系统的管理中考虑饲用鱼（FF），因为它具有复杂的FF物种组合。本文旨在鼓励利益相关者之间就管理目标进行进一步的辩论和对话。改变实蝇的渔业管理将对北海的所有船队产生经济影响。易捕食FF的捕食者是三明治燕鸥，大贼鸥和海雀科的鹦鹉，在较小程度上是海洋哺乳动物。需要进行管理策略的比较评估，以考虑在生态系统方法下，维持猎物生物量的储备还是监测整个营养系统死亡率的更完整的方法是否更可靠。就营养能量的传递，生态系统的稳定性和复原力而言，管理者和建模者应将果蝇视为既基于大小的生物量库，又应视为系统的物种组成部分。政策制定者不应认为知识库足够健壮，无法开展生态系统工程的重大项目。管理计划似乎能够在短期内维持可持续的开发。实蝇种群生产力的变化是不可避免的，因此管理应保持响应和适应性。

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