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Predation control of zooplankton dynamics: a review of observations and models

机译：浮游动物动力学的捕食控制：观测和模型的综述

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摘要

We performed a literature review to examine to what degree the zooplankton dynamics in different regional marine ecosystems across the Atlantic Ocean is driven by predation mortality and how the latter is addressed in available modelling approaches. In general, we found that predation on zooplankton plays an important role in all the six considered ecosystems, but the impacts are differently strong and occur at different spatial and temporal scales. In ecosystems with extreme environmental conditions (e.g. low temperature, ice cover, large seasonal amplitudes) and low species diversity, the overall impact of top-down processes on zooplankton dynamics is stronger than for ecosystems having moderate environmental conditions and high species diversity. In those ecosystems, predation mortality was found to structure the zooplankton mainly on local spatial and seasonal time scales. Modelling methods used to parameterize zooplankton mortality range from simplified approaches with fixed mortality rates to complex coupled multispecies models. The applicability of a specific method depends on both the observed state of the ecosystem and the spatial and temporal scales considered. Modelling constraints such as parameter uncertainties and computational costs need to be balanced with the ecosystem-specific demand for a consistent, spatial-temporal dynamic implementation of predation mortality on the zooplankton compartment.
机译：我们进行了文献综述，以考察大西洋中不同区域海洋生态系统中的浮游动物动态在多大程度上受捕食死亡率的驱动，以及如何在可用的建模方法中解决后者。总的来说，我们发现浮游动物的捕食在所有六个被认为的生态系统中都起着重要作用，但是影响却是不同的，并且在不同的时空尺度上发生。在具有极端环境条件（例如，低温，冰盖，大的季节性振幅）和物种多样性低的生态系统中，自上而下的过程对浮游生物动力学的总体影响要强于具有中等环境条件和物种多样性较高的生态系统。在这些生态系统中，发现捕食死亡率主要根据当地的空间和季节时间尺度来构造浮游动物。用于对浮游动物死亡率进行参数化的建模方法范围从具有固定死亡率的简化方法到复杂的多物种耦合模型。具体方法的适用性取决于所观察到的生态系统状态以及所考虑的时空尺度。诸如参数不确定性和计算成本之类的建模约束需要与特定生态系统的需求相平衡，以对浮游动物区隔中的捕食死亡率进行一致的时空动态实施。

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  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2014年第2期|254-271|共18页
  • 作者

    Ute Daewel; Solfrid Saetre Hjollo; Martin Huret; Rubao Ji; Marie Maa; Susa Niiranen; Morgane Travers-Trolet; Myron A. Peck; Karen E. van de Wolfshaar;

  • 作者单位

    Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, Allegaten 10, 5007 Bergen, Norway;

    Institute of Marine Research, Post Box 1870 Nordnes, 5877 Bergen, Norway;

    Institut Francois de Recherche pour I'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), STH/LBH, Centre Bretagne, BP 70 29280 Plouzane, France;

    Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole 02543, USA;

    Department of Bioscience, University of Aarhus, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;

    Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-706 97 Stockholm, Sweden;

    IFREMER, French Res Inst Exploitat Sea, Laboratory Fishery Resources, 150 quai Gambetta, 6P699, 62321 Boulogne/mer, France;

    Institute of Hydrobiology and Fisheries Science, University of Hamburg, Olbersweg 24, 22767, Hamburg, Germany;

    Institute for Marine Resource and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, Haringkade 1, 1976 CP, IJmuiden, The Netherlands;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    ecosystem models; regional Atlantic ecosystems; trophic control; zooplankton; zooplankton closure term;

    机译：生态系统模型;大西洋区域生态系统;营养控制浮游动物浮游动物封闭期;

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