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ICES advisory framework 1977-2012: from F_(max) to precautionary approach and beyond

机译：ICES咨询框架1977-2012：从F_（max）到预防性方法及其他

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摘要

The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) provides fishery advice in the context of international agreements and addressing the policy and legal needs of ICES Member Countries. This advice is often formulated for an annual total allowable catch based on decisions made by the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) during the first half of the 1970s. Although this early advice was initially focused on the best usage of the growth potential of the fish stocks, the collapse of important pelagic stocks in the late 1960s and the early 1970s suggested that the biological advice should include serious considerations of the spawning-stock biomass (SSB). ICES responded with a new advisory framework in 1976. Over the next 30 years, the advisory framework evolved, with increasing emphasis placed on ensuring SSB to avoid impairing recruitment. The Plan of Implementation of the 2002 UN World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) calls for the restoration and maintenance offish stocks to levels than can produce the fisheries that provide maximum sustainable yield (MSY). In 2009, ICES revised its advisory framework now formulated as a harvest control rule aimed at achieving MSY.
机译：国际海洋探索理事会（ICES）在国际协议的范围内提供了渔业建议，并满足了ICES成员国的政策和法律需求。该建议通常是根据1970年代上半年东北大西洋渔业委员会（NEAFC）的决定制定的年度总允许捕捞量。尽管此早期建议最初集中在最佳利用鱼类种群的增长潜力上，但重要的远洋鱼类种群在1960年代末和1970年代初的崩溃表明，生物学建议应包括对产卵生物量的认真考虑（ SSB）。 ICES在1976年采用了新的咨询框架作为回应。在随后的30年中，咨询框架得到了发展，并且越来越强调确保SSB避免损害招聘。 2002年联合国世界可持续发展峰会（WSSD）的实施计划要求将鱼类种群恢复和维持到一定水平，以使渔业产量能够提供最大的可持续产量（MSY）。 2009年，ICES修改了其咨询框架，该框架现已制定为旨在实现MSY的收获控制规则。

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