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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Coral communities on artificial reefs in the Gulf of Mexico: standing vs. toppled oil platforms
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Coral communities on artificial reefs in the Gulf of Mexico: standing vs. toppled oil platforms

机译：墨西哥湾人工鱼礁上的珊瑚群落：站立式与倾倒式石油平台

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摘要

Thousands of oil platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico have provided hard substrate for settlement of Caribbean corals and have facilitated their range expansion. The US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management now allows platforms to be purposely toppled to the bottom and used as artificial reefs to promote fisheries development. We compared the coral communities on standing offshore oil/gas production platforms with those on "Rigs-to-Reef" structures through Remotely Operated Vehicle reconnaissance (max. depth ～110m) to assess comparative population sizes of several coral species. Corals found were the zooxanthellate Madracis decactis and azooxanthellate Tubastraea coccinea, Oculina diffusa, and Phyllangia americana. There was no significant difference in total coral density between standing and toppled platforms, due to varying species-specific abundances. Madracis decactis and T. coccinea densities were significantly higher on toppled structures than on standing ones, P. americana was more abundant on standing platforms, and 0. diffusa densities were not significantly different between the two sets of platforms. Corals were distributed more deeply on standing platforms than on toppled ones (particularly O. diffusa and P. americana). Madracis decactis (requiring light) and T. coccinea were concentrated at shallower depths (≤50 m). Rigs-to-Reefs structures serve as substrate for coral settlement. The probability of continued coral growth in these early stages of succession varies between species, when considering standing vs. toppled structures. We did not see overall evidence that toppling enhanced hermatypic coral populations, increased coral abundances in general, or created 3D reef-like fish habitat.
机译：墨西哥湾北部的数千个石油平台为解决加勒比海珊瑚提供了坚硬的基质，并促进了其范围的扩大。美国内政部海洋能源管理局现在允许将平台故意倾倒在底部，并用作人工鱼礁，以促进渔业发展。通过远程车辆侦察（最大深度〜110m），我们比较了海上固定油气生产平台上的珊瑚群落与“钻机到礁石”结构上的珊瑚群落，以评估几种珊瑚物种的相对种群规模。发现的珊瑚为人畜共患的疟原虫，念珠菌的杜鹃花球菌，Oculina diffusa和美洲毛竹。由于特定物种的丰度不同，站立和倒伏平台之间的总珊瑚密度没有显着差异。倒立结构上的rac藜和麦角锥虫密度显着高于直立结构，美洲扁。在直立平台上更为丰富，而白花蛇舌草的密度在两组平台之间没有显着差异。珊瑚在站立平台上的分布比在倒塌平台上的分布更深（尤其是白花蛇舌草和美洲假单胞菌）。十足虫（需要光）和球菌被集中在较浅的深度（≤50m）。钻机到礁石的结构是珊瑚定居的基础。在考虑站立结构与倒塌结构时，在演替的这些早期阶段中珊瑚继续生长的可能性因物种而异。我们没有看到整体证据表明倒塌会增加抽血珊瑚的数量，总体上增加珊瑚的丰度，也不会创造3D礁样的鱼类栖息地。

著录项

  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2014年第2期|417-426|共10页
  • 作者

    P.W. Sammarco; A. Lirette; Y.F. Tung; G.S. Boland; M. Genazzio; J. Sinclair;

  • 作者单位

    Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), 8724 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344-2710, USA;

    Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), 8724 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344-2710, USA;

    Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), 8724 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344-2710, USA,FSH Science Research Center, Environmental Science Institute, Florida Agricultural & Mechanical University (FAMU), 7575 S Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Tallahassee, Florida 32307, USA;

    Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Division of Environmental Sciences, HM-3127, 387 Elden Street, Herndon, VA 20770-4877, USA;

    Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON), 8724 Hwy 56, Chauvin, LA 70344-2710, USA,Department of Marine Science, Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 601 S College Road, Wilmington NC 28403, USA;

    Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Environmental Science Section, Gulf of Mexico OCS Region, 1201 Elmwood Park Blvd, New Orleans LA 70123-2394, USA,Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), 1201 Elmwood Park Blvd, New Orleans LA 70723-2394, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    coral; platforms; oil; Rigs-to-Reefs; artificial reefs; toppled; Tubastraea coccinea; Madracis decactis; Phyllangia americana; Oculina diffusa;

    机译：珊瑚;平台;油;珊瑚礁;人工鱼礁;倒塌大花杜鹃猕猴桃;美洲毛竹白花Oculina;

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