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Herring and ICES: a historical sketch of a few ideas and their linkages

机译：鲱鱼和ICES：一些想法及其联系的历史速写

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This introduction to the Symposium on "Linking Herring" sketches the development of some ideas generated from herring research within an ICES context. The work of Committee A (1902-1908), under the leadership of Johan Hjort, led to a paradigm shift from "migration thinking" to "population thinking" as the interpretation of fluctuations in herring landings. From the 1920s to the 1950s, the focus on forecasting services for the herring fisheries, although ultimately unsuccessful, had the unintended consequence of generating ideas on recruitment overfishing and the match-mismatch hypothesis. The collapse of the East Anglian fishery led, in 1956, to considerable debate on its causes, but no consensus was reached. Three consecutive symposia dealing with herring (1961, 1968, and 1970) reveal a changing perspective on the role of fishing on recruitment dynamics, culminating in Cushing's 1975 book ("Marine Ecology and Fisheries", referred to here as the "Grand Synthesis"), which defined the concept of recruitment overfishing and established the future agenda for fisheries oceanography. The 1978 ICES "Symposium on the Assessment and Management of Pelagic Fish Stocks" is interpreted as the "Aberdeen Consensus" (i.e. without effective management, recruitment overfishing is to be expected). In conclusion, herring research within ICES has led to many ideas and two major paradigm shifts.
机译：关于“链接鲱鱼”专题讨论会的介绍概述了在ICES上下文中从鲱鱼研究中产生的一些想法的发展。甲委员会（1902-1908）的工作在约翰·约霍尔特（Johan Hjort）的领导下，导致了从“移民思想”到“人口思想”的范式转变，从而解释了鲱鱼着陆的波动。从1920年代到1950年代，尽管最终未能成功，但对鲱鱼渔业的预报服务的关注却产生了关于招募过度捕捞和不匹配假说的想法的意外结果。 1956年，东英吉利东部渔业的崩溃导致对其原因进行了大量辩论，但未达成共识。连续三个关于鲱鱼的专题讨论会（1961年，1968年和1970年）揭示了关于捕捞对招聘动态的作用的变化观点，并最终在库欣（Cushing）1975年的著作（“海洋生态学和渔业”，此处被称为“大综合”）中达到顶峰。 ，它定义了过度捕捞的概念，并确定了渔业海洋学的未来议程。 1978年的ICES“​​中上层鱼类种群评估和管理专题讨论会”被解释为“阿伯丁共识”（即，如果没有有效的管理，将可能招募过度捕捞）。总之，ICES中的鲱鱼研究导致了许多想法和两个主要的范式转变。

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