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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Temporal variation in an immune response gene (MHC Ⅰ) in anadromous Salmo trutta in an Irish river before and during aquaculture activities
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Temporal variation in an immune response gene (MHC Ⅰ) in anadromous Salmo trutta in an Irish river before and during aquaculture activities

机译：水产养殖活动之前和过程中爱尔兰河中Salmo trutta免疫应答基因（MHCⅠ）的时间变化

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Several studies have documented the genetic effects of intraspecific hybridization of cultured and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). However, the effect of salmon aquaculture on wild congeners is not so well understood. Diseases, introduced or increased in incidence by salmon aquaculture activities, may have an impact on co-occurring wild sea trout (Salmo trutta L.), as implied by the steep decline in sea trout numbers in many Irish, Scottish, and Norwegian rivers since the late 1980s, which may be linked to sea lice infestations associated with marine salmonid farming. Our data suggest that salmon farming and ocean ranching can indirectly affect, most likely mediated by disease, the genetics of cohabiting sea trout by reducing variability at major histocompatibility class Ⅰ genes. We studied samples of DNA extracted from scales of sea trout in the Burrishoole River, in the west of Ireland, before and at intervals during aquaculture activities. In these samples, allelic variation at a microsatellite marker, tightly linked to a locus critical to immune response (Satr-UBA), was compared with variation at six neutral microsatellite loci. A significant decline in allelic richness and gene diversity at the Satr-UBA marker locus, observed since aquaculture started and which may indicate a selective response, was not reflected by similar reductions at neutral loci. Subsequent recovery of variability at the Satr-UBA marker, seen among later samples, may reflect an increased contribution by resident brown trout to the remaining sea trout stock.
机译：几项研究已证明了养殖和野生大西洋鲑（Salmo salar L.）种内杂交的遗传效应。但是，对鲑鱼养殖对野生同源物的影响的了解还不是很清楚。鲑鱼水产养殖活动引起的疾病或发病率增加，可能对共生的野生海鳟（Salmo trutta L.）产生影响，这是由于自那时以来许多爱尔兰，苏格兰和挪威河流中的海鳟数量急剧下降在1980年代后期，这可能与与海洋鲑鱼养殖相关的海虱侵袭有关。我们的数据表明，鲑鱼养殖和海洋放牧可以通过减少主要组织相容性Ⅰ类基因的变异性来间接影响同居海鳟的遗传，这很可能是由疾病引起的。在水产养殖活动之前和期间，我们研究了从爱尔兰西部的Burrishoole河海鳟鱼鳞中提取的DNA样品。在这些样品中，将与免疫反应至关重要的基因座（Satr-UBA）紧密相连的微卫星标记的等位基因变异与六个中性微卫星基因座的变异进行了比较。自水产养殖开始以来观察到的Satr-UBA标记基因座等位基因丰富度和基因多样性的显着下降，但中性位点的类似下降并未反映出来。随后在样本中看到的Satr-UBA标记处的变异性随后恢复，可能反映了居民褐鳟对剩余海鳟种群的贡献增加。

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