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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >The relationship between coastal weather and foraging behaviour of chinstrap penguins, Pygoscelis cmtarctica
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The relationship between coastal weather and foraging behaviour of chinstrap penguins, Pygoscelis cmtarctica

机译：沿海天气与下颚企鹅Pygoscelis cmtarctica的觅食行为之间的关系

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There is increasing interest in using higher-trophic level predators as ecosystem indicators because their performance is presumed to be linked to the overall function of the ecosystem that supports them. In the southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) supports huge predator populations as well as a growing commercial fishery. To utilize information from the ecosystem in an adaptive framework for sustainably managing krill catch levels, performance indices of krill predators have been proposed as a proxy for krill abundance. However, there are several potentially confounding sources of variability that might impact predator performance such as the effects of environmental variability and fishing pressure on krill availability at scales relevant to predators. In this context, our study capitalises on the occurrence of an unexpected El Nino event to characterise how environmental variability can drive changes in predator foraging behaviour. We demonstrate a clear link between coastal downwelling and changes in the at-sea habitat usage of chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) foraging in a local krill fishing area. Penguins tracked from their breeding colonies on Powell Island, Antarctic Peninsula, undertook fewer, longer foraging trips during the downwelling-affected season compared with the season where no such downwelling was detected, suggesting that changes in climate-driven oceanography may have reduced krill availability along the northern shelf of the island. Our study demonstrates that penguin foraging behaviour is modified by scale-dependent processes, which if not accounted for may result in erroneous conclusions being drawn when using penguins as bioindicators of krill abundance.
机译：人们越来越关注使用高营养水平的天敌作为生态系统指标，因为它们的性能被认为与支持它们的生态系统的整体功能有关。在南大西洋的西南大西洋地区，南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）为庞大的捕食者种群和不断发展的商业渔业提供了支持。为了在可持续性管理磷虾捕捞水平的自适应框架中利用来自生态系统的信息，磷虾捕食者的性能指标已被提出作为磷虾丰度的替代指标。但是，有几种潜在的混淆性可变性来源可能会影响捕食者的性能，例如环境可变性和捕捞压力对与捕食者有关的磷虾可用性的影响。在这种情况下，我们的研究利用了意外的厄尔尼诺事件的发生，来表征环境变化如何驱动捕食者觅食行为的变化。我们证明了沿海下沉与在当地磷虾捕捞区觅食的s鱼企鹅（Pygoscelis antarctica）在海上栖息地使用情况的变化之间存在明显的联系。与没有发现下沉的季节相比，在南下半岛鲍威尔岛的繁殖地追踪到的企鹅进行的觅食行程更少，更长，与没有发现下沉的季节相比，这表明气候驱动海洋学的变化可能降低了磷虾的可利用性岛的北部架子。我们的研究表明，企鹅的觅食行为受到比例依赖过程的影响，如果不加以考虑，使用企鹅作为磷虾丰度的生物指标时，可能会得出错误的结论。

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