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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >A toolkit to study seabird-fishery interactions
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A toolkit to study seabird-fishery interactions

机译：研究海鸟与渔业相互作用的工具包

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Seabirds and fisheries have been interacting from ancient times, sometimes with mutual benefits: Seabirds provided fishermen with visual cues of fish aggregations, and also fed upon food subsids generated by fishing activities. Yet fisheries and seabirds may also compete for the same resources, and their interactions can lead to additional seabird mortality through accidental bycatch and diminishing fishing efficiency, threatening vulnerable seabird populations. Understanding these complex relationships is essential for conservation strategies, also because it could enhance and ease discussion between stakeholders, towards a common vision for marine ecosystem management. As an aid in this process, we reviewed 510 scientific publications dedicated to seabirds-fisheries interactions, and compiled a methodological toolkit. Methods employed therein serve four main purposes: (i) Implementing distribution overlap analyses, to highlight areas of encounter between seabirds and fisheries (ii) Analysing movement and behavioural patterns using finer-scale information, to characterize interaction types (iii) Investigating individual-scale feeding ecology, to assess fisheries impacts at the scale of bird populations, and (iv) Quantifying the impacts of seabird-fishery interactions on seabird demography and population trends. This latter step allows determining thresholds and tipping points with respect to ecological sustainability. Overall, we stress that forthcoming studies should integrate those multiple approaches, in order to identify and promote best practices towards ecosystem-based fisheries management and ecologically sound marine spatial planning.
机译：从远古时代开始，海鸟和渔业就相互影响，有时互惠互利：海鸟为渔民提供了鱼群聚集的视觉线索，还以捕捞活动产生的食物补贴为食。然而，渔业和海鸟也可能争夺相同的资源，它们的相互作用可通过意外兼捕和捕捞效率降低而增加海鸟死亡率，从而威胁脆弱的海鸟种群。了解这些复杂的关系对于养护策略至关重要，因为它可以增强和简化利益相关者之间的讨论，以实现海洋生态系统管理的共同愿景。作为此过程的帮助，我们审查了510篇有关海鸟与渔业相互作用的科学出版物，并编制了一套方法学工具包。其中采用的方法有四个主要目的：（i）进行分布重叠分析，以突出海鸟和渔业之间的接触区域（ii）使用更精细的信息来分析运动和行为模式，以描述相互作用类型（iii）研究个体规模进食生态学，以评估鸟类种群规模的渔业影响，以及（iv）量化海鸟与渔业的相互作用对海鸟人口统计学和种群趋势的影响。后面的步骤允许确定有关生态可持续性的阈值和临界点。总体而言，我们强调即将开展的研究应整合这些多种方法，以便确定和促进针对基于生态系统的渔业管理和生态上合理的海洋空间规划的最佳做法。

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