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Comparison of Processing Algorithms for a Delay/Doppler Altimeter

机译：延迟/多普勒高度计的处理算法比较

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摘要

The use of a radar altimeter is to measure the height of the reflecting surface when the instrument passes overhead. A delay/Doppler altimeter (DDA) reduces the along-track resolution cell using correlation of pulses within burst, as in a synthetic aperture radar, with the net effect of synthesizing an array with a narrower lobe. The processing of DDA data therefore implies the correction of the phase delay of pulses, which is said to be Doppler beam sharpening since it can be reduced to a DFT in the along-track direction. The noise term on Doppler echoes is decreased by incoherent summing of contributions of different bursts. Summation of these contributions requires that pointing of each beam is directed toward a given output grid of samples on ground, and this can be a nontrivial task, depending on the topography profile. In this letter, a comparison between different beam sharpening algorithms is presented: Two of them are similar in their basic idea even if with different implementations; the third one can be considered as reference since no approximations are needed in principle, but is computationally inefficient. What results is that the first couple can be considered basically equivalent in terms of precision and computational efficiency, with little differences at the change of the environmental conditions. Results based on simulated data of simple and complex scenarios are presented as support of the reasoning.
机译：雷达高度计的使用是在仪器经过头顶时测量反射面的高度。像在合成孔径雷达中一样，延迟/多普勒高度计（DDA）通过使用突发内脉冲的相关性来减少沿轨道分辨率的信元，具有合成具有较窄波瓣的阵列的净效果。因此，对DDA数据的处理意味着对脉冲的相位延迟进行校正，这被称为多普勒光束锐化，因为可以将其沿轨迹方向减小为DFT。通过对不同突发的贡献进行非相干求和，可以降低多普勒回波上的噪声项。这些贡献的总和要求每个波束的指向都指向地面上给定的样本输出网格，而这可能是一项不小的任务，具体取决于地形轮廓。在这封信中，我们对不同的光束锐化算法进行了比较：两个算法的基本思想相似，即使实现方式不同也是如此；由于原则上不需要近似值，因此第三种方法可以视为参考，但计算效率较低。结果是，在精度和计算效率方面，第一对算子可以认为是基本等效的，而环境条件的变化几乎没有差异。提出了基于简单场景和复杂场景的模拟数据的结果作为推理的支持。

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