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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Signal Processing Magazine >Advances in Single-Photon Lidar for Autonomous Vehicles: Working Principles, Challenges, and Recent Advances
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Advances in Single-Photon Lidar for Autonomous Vehicles: Working Principles, Challenges, and Recent Advances

机译：自治车辆单光子激光器的进展：工作原则，挑战和最近的进步

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摘要

The safety and success of autonomous vehicles (AVs) depend on their ability to accurately map and respond to their surroundings in real time. One of the most promising recent technologies for depth mapping is single-photon lidar (SPL), which measures the time of flight of individual photons. The long-range capabilities (kilometers), excellent depth resolution (centimeters), and use of low-power (eye-safe) laser sources renders this modality a strong candidate for use in AVs. While presenting unique opportunities, the remarkable sensitivity of single-photon detectors introduces several signal processing challenges. The discrete nature of photon counting and the particular design of the detection devices means the acquired signals cannot be treated as arising in a linear system with additive Gaussian noise. Moreover, the number of useful photon detections may be small despite a large data volume, thus requiring careful modeling and algorithmic design for real-time performance. This article discusses the main working principles of SPL and summarizes recent advances in signal processing techniques for this modality, highlighting promising applications in AVs as well as a number of challenges for vehicular lidar that cannot be solved by better hardware alone.
机译：自治车辆（AVS）的安全性和成功取决于它们能够实时地准确地映射和回应周围环境。最近的深度映射技术之一是单光子激光器（SPL），测量各个光子的飞行时间。远程能力（公里），优异的深度分辨率（厘米）以及低功耗（Eye-Safe）激光源的使用使得这种模型成为AVS的强大候选者。在呈现独特的机会的同时，单光子探测器的显着灵敏度引入了几个信号处理挑战。光子计数的离散性和检测装置的特定设计意味着不能在具有加性高斯噪声的线性系统中产生的所获取的信号。此外，尽管数据量大，但有用的光子检测的数量可能很小，因此需要仔细的建模和算法设计以进行实时性能。本文讨论了SPL的主要工作原则，总结了这种方式的信号处理技术的最新进步，突出了AVS中的有希望的应用以及车辆激光器的许多挑战，不能通过更好的硬件解决。

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  • 来源
    《IEEE Signal Processing Magazine》 |2020年第4期|62-71|共10页
  • 作者

    Rapp Joshua; Tachella Julian; Altmann Yoann; McLaughlin Stephen; Goyal Vivek K.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA|Draper Cambridge MA USA;

    Univ Edinburgh Sch Engn Edinburgh EH8 9YL Midlothian Scotland;

    Heriot Watt Univ Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland|Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Inst Sensors Signals & Syst Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland|Royal Acad Engn London England;

    Royal Acad Engn London England|Univ Edinburgh Study Nonlinear Signal Proc Tech Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland|Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland|Royal Soc Edinburgh Edinburgh Midlothian Scotland;

    Boston Univ Elect & Comp Engn Boston MA 02215 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Photonics; Laser radar; Detectors; Lighting; Optical reflection; Hardware; Optical attenuators;

    机译：光子学;激光雷达;探测器;照明;光学反射;硬件;光衰减器;

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