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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE transactions on information forensics and security >Robust Lossless Watermarking of Relational Databases Based on Circular Histogram Modulation
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Robust Lossless Watermarking of Relational Databases Based on Circular Histogram Modulation

机译：基于圆形直方图调制的关系数据库鲁棒无损水印

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摘要

In this paper, we adapt the robust reversible watermarking modulation originally proposed by Vleeschouwer for images to the protection of relational databases. The resulting scheme modulates the relative angular position of the circular histogram center of mass of one numerical attribute for message embedding. It can be used for verifying database authentication as well as for traceability when identifying database origin after it has been modified. Beyond the application framework, we theoretically evaluate the performance of our scheme in terms of capacity, distortion, and robustness against two common database modifications: 1) addition and 2) removal of tuples. To that end, we model the impact of the embedding process and of database modifications on the probability distribution of the center of mass position. We further verify experimentally these theoretical limits within the framework of a medical database of more than one million of inpatient hospital stay records. We show that under the assumptions imposed by the central limit theorem, experimental results fit the theory. We also compare our approach with two recent and efficient schemes so as to prove its benefits.
机译：在本文中，我们将Vleeschouwer最初为图像提出的鲁棒可逆水印调制技术应用于关系数据库的保护。所得方案对一个数字属性的圆形直方图质心的相对角位置进行调制，以进行消息嵌入。修改数据库后标识数据库来源时，它可用于验证数据库身份验证以及可追溯性。除了应用程序框架之外，我们从容量，失真和健壮性两个方面对数据库进行了两种常见的修改，从理论上评估了该方案的性能：1）添加和2）删除元组。为此，我们对嵌入过程和数据库修改对质心位置的概率分布的影响进行建模。我们在超过一百万住院病人住院记录的医学数据库的框架内，通过实验进一步验证了这些理论极限。我们表明，在中心极限定理强加的假设下，实验结果符合该理论。我们还将我们的方法与两个最新高效的方案进行比较，以证明其优势。

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