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Lossless Data Embedding in Electronic Inks

机译:电子墨水中的无损数据嵌入

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摘要

This paper presents a novel lossless data embedding algorithm for electronic inks. The proposed algorithm first computes the analytical ink-curve for each stroke as a set of smoothly concatenated cubic Bezier curves. During embedding, a set of data carrier points on the ink-curve are evaluated, perturbed, and then inserted into the original point array. Our proposed smooth ink-curve generation method iteratively refines the parameterization based on the local curve geometry. We demonstrate experimentally that the inserted points incur the least perceptional distortion on the marked ink-curves even after large mount of secret message is embedded. On extraction, the perturbed data carriers are identified and the original point array can be recovered. By subtracting these perturbed data carriers from their recomputed reference locations, we derive a sequence of perturbation vectors, from which the embedded secret message can be decoded. Based on the proposed embedding technique and the public-key cryptography, a hybrid secure ink authentication system is designed to secure electronic writings for tampering detection.
机译:本文提出了一种新颖的电子墨水无损数据嵌入算法。所提出的算法首先将每个笔划的分析墨迹曲线计算为一组平滑串联的三次Bezier曲线。嵌入期间,对墨水曲线上的一组数据载体点进行评估,进行扰动,然后将其插入原始点阵列。我们提出的平滑墨曲线生成方法基于局部曲线的几何形状来迭代地细化参数化。我们通过实验证明,即使在嵌入大量秘密信息之后,插入的点也对标记的墨迹曲线产生的感知失真最小。在提取时,被干扰的数据载体被识别并且原始点阵列可以被恢复。通过从它们重新计算的参考位置中减去这些被扰动的数据载体,我们得出了一个扰动向量序列,可以从中解码出嵌入的秘密消息。基于提出的嵌入技术和公钥密码技术,设计了一种混合安全墨水身份验证系统,以保护电子文字以进行篡改检测。

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