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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques >Microwave radiation induces a heat-shock response and enhances growth in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
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Microwave radiation induces a heat-shock response and enhances growth in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

机译：微波辐射引起热休克反应并增强线虫秀丽隐杆线虫的生长

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This paper shows that prolonged (overnight) exposure to continuous microwave fields (750 MHz, 0.5 W) can induce both a heat-shock response and enhanced growth in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposures were conducted in a TEM cell with matched load, producing an E-field of approximately 45 V m/sup -1/ at the center (where test worms are placed). Biomonitoring of heat-shock responses has been simplified by using two transgenic strains (PC72 and PC161), which both carry stress-inducible reporter constructs, respectively, placing lacZ (/spl beta/-galactosidase) and lacZ plus green fluorescent protein expression under the control of C. elegans hsp16-1 promoters. In situ localization of reporter expression reveals a minority of test worms, which respond strongly to microwave exposure. Enzyme activity measurements average these reporter responses across many thousands of individual worms, giving a reliable indication of the overall stress imposed on a population. The temperature profile of reporter responses induced by microwave exposure parallels that induced in controls by heat alone, but is displaced down the temperature scale by some 3/spl deg/C. Length measurements were conducted at intervals in synchronized C. elegans cultures seeded with L1 larvae. Using pooled data from nine separate runs, growth was stimulated by 8.5% after overnight microwave exposure (relative to controls), and this disparity increased to 11% after 24 h of further growth without irradiation. Both heat-shock responses and increased growth would be consistent with a modest increase in temperature, raising the possibility that microwave exposure might cause limited heating in this system. However, there is no detectable rise in the temperature of either medium or worms during overnight exposure under these conditions, discounting both generalized and localized (worm-specific) heating effects. It is concluded that both growth and heat-shock responses are induced by microwave exposure through one or more nonthermal routes.
机译：本文表明，长时间（整夜）暴露于连续微波场（750 MHz，0.5 W）可同时引起线虫蠕虫秀丽隐杆线虫的热激响应和增强的生长。在负载匹配的TEM电池中进行曝光，并在中心（放置测试蠕虫的位置）产生大约45 V m / sup -1 /的电场。通过使用两个转基因菌株（PC72和PC161）简化了对热休克反应的生物监测，这两个菌株均携带应激诱导的报告基因构建体，将lacZ（/ spl beta /-半乳糖苷酶）和lacZ加绿色荧光蛋白表达置于秀丽隐杆线虫hsp16-1启动子的控制。报告基因表达的原位定位揭示了少数的测试蠕虫，它们对微波暴露反应强烈。酶活性的测量值使成千上万的单个蠕虫的这些报告基因响应平均化，从而可靠地表明了对种群的总体压力。由微波暴露引起的报告基因反应的温度曲线与仅由热在对照中引起的平行，但在温度范围内下降了约3 / spl deg / C。在用L1幼虫接种的同步线虫培养物中以一定间隔进行长度测量。使用来自九个独立运行的汇总数据，在过夜微波暴露后（相对于对照），生长被刺激了8.5％，并且在没有照射的情况下进一步生长24小时后，这种差异增加到了11％。热冲击响应和增长的增加都将与温度的适度升高相一致，从而增加了微波暴露可能导致该系统中热量有限的可能性。但是，在这些条件下过夜暴露期间，介质或蠕虫的温度均未检测到升高，从而抵消了广义和局部（蠕虫特有的）加热效应。结论是，微波辐射通过一种或多种非热途径诱导了生长和热激反应。

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