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A Model for Large Deflections of Nanobeams and Experimental Comparison

机译:纳米束大挠度的模型及实验比较

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摘要

Bending tests are commonly used for characterization of materials at the nanoscale. Beams are also key elements of nanomechanical and nanoelectromechanical devices. This paper is motivated by recent experiments of large deflections of chromium cantilevers and modeling based on the classical large deflection beam theory to simulate experiments. A review of nanobeam experiments shows complex size dependency of elastic modulus that is influenced by beam thickness (or diameter) and end boundary conditions. A new large deflection beam model that accounts for surface energy effects is presented. It is shown that the model is capable of simulating experiments by using size-independent properties such as bulk elastic modulus and surface residual stress. The model is then used to explain the softening or stiffening behavior observed experimentally in nanocantilevers and relative size independence of clamped–clamped beams. Size dependence of elastic modulus (or stiffening/softening) is a modeling artifact introduced due to the use of classical elasticity theory for nanostructures and the current model shows that simulations based on classical beam theory require careful interpretation.
机译:弯曲测试通常用于表征纳米级的材料。束也是纳米机械和纳米机电装置的关键元素。本文是基于最近对铬悬臂梁的大挠度实验以及基于经典大挠度束理论进行建模以模拟实验的动机。纳米束实验的回顾表明,弹性模量的复杂尺寸依赖性受束厚度(或直径)和端边界条件的影响。提出了一种新的考虑表面能影响的大偏转梁模型。结果表明,该模型能够通过使用尺寸无关的特性(例如体积弹性模量和表面残余应力)来模拟实验。然后,该模型用于解释在纳米悬臂梁上通过实验观察到的软化或加劲行为,以及被夹紧的梁的相对尺寸独立性。弹性模量(或加硬/软化)的尺寸依赖性是由于对纳米结构使用经典弹性理论而引入的一种建模伪像,当前模型表明,基于经典梁理论的模拟需要仔细解释。

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