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首页> 外文期刊>Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on >Real-Time Optimization for Power Management Systems of a Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles
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Real-Time Optimization for Power Management Systems of a Battery/Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System in Electric Vehicles

机译：电动汽车电池/超级电容器混合储能系统电源管理系统的实时优化

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摘要

Batteries mounted on electric vehicles (EVs) are often damaged by high peak power and rapid charging/discharging cycles, which are originated from repetitive acceleration/deceleration of vehicles particularly in urban situations. To reduce battery damage, the battery/supercapacitor (SC) hybrid energy storage system (HESS) has been considered as a solution because the SC can act as a buffer against large magnitudes and rapid fluctuations in power. While the traditional purpose of employing the HESS in EVs is to minimize the magnitude/variation of battery power or power loss, the previous approaches proposed for controlling the HESS have some drawbacks; they neither consider these objectives simultaneously nor reflect real-time load dynamics for computing the SC reference voltage. In this paper, we present a power control framework consisting of two stages: one for computing the SC reference voltage and another for optimizing the power flowing through the HESS. In the presented framework, we propose a methodology for calculating the SC reference voltage considering the real-time load dynamics without given future operation profiles. In addition, we formulate the HESS power control problem as a convex optimization problem that minimizes the magnitude/fluctuation of battery power and power loss at the same time. The optimization problem is formulated so that it can be repeatedly solved by general solvers in polynomial time. Simulation results carried out on MATLAB show that the magnitude/variation of battery power and power loss can be concurrently reduced in real time by the proposed framework.
机译：电动汽车（EV）上安装的电池通常会因高峰值功率和快速充电/放电周期而损坏，这主要是由于车辆的反复加速/减速所致，特别是在城市环境中。为了减少电池损坏，电池/超级电容器（SC）混合储能系统（HESS）已被视为解决方案，因为SC可以充当缓冲，以抵抗大幅度和快速的功率波动。虽然在电动汽车中采用HESS的传统目的是使电池电量或功率损耗的幅度/变化最小，但先前提出的用于控制HESS的方法仍存在一些缺陷。他们既没有同时考虑这些目标，也没有反映用于计算SC参考电压的实时负载动态。在本文中，我们提出了一个功率控制框架，该框架包括两个阶段：一个阶段用于计算SC参考电压，另一个阶段用于优化流经HESS的功率。在提出的框架中，我们提出了一种在没有给定未来运行曲线的情况下考虑实时负载动态来计算SC参考电压的方法。此外，我们将HESS功率控制问题表述为凸优化问题，该问题同时使电池功率的大小/波动和功率损耗最小。制定优化问题，以便可以由一般求解器在多项式时间内反复求解。在MATLAB上进行的仿真结果表明，所提出的框架可以同时实时降低电池电量的大小/变化和功耗。

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