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Decision of the European Court of Justice

机译：欧洲法院的决定

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1. Article 7(l)(e)(ii) of Regulation No. 40/94 provides that signs that consist exclusively of the shape of goods, which is necessary to obtain a technical result, are not to be registered. In construing the scope of this ground for refu- sal, the public interest underlying it needs to be taken into account. The provision laid down in Article 7(l)(e)(ii) reflects the balancing of two considerations, both of which are likely to help establish a fair system of competition. Firstly, the prohibition on registration of any sign consisting of the shape of goods, which is necessary to obtain a technical result, ensures that undertakings may not use trade mark law in order to perpetuate, indefinitely, exclusive rights relating to technical solutions (i.e. once protection under patent law has expired). The legislature has strictly laid down that shapes necessary to obtain a technical result are unsuitable for registration as trade marks, since it has excluded the grounds for refusal in Article 7(1 )(e) from the scope of the exception under Article 7(3). If follows, therefore, from Article 7(3) that, even if a shape of goods, which is necessary to obtain a technical result, has become distinctive in consequence of the use which has been made of it, it is prohibited from being registered as a trade mark. Secondly, by restricting the ground for refusal set out in Article 7(l)(e)(ii) to signs which consist "exclusively" of the shape of goods, which is "necessary" to obtain a technical result, the legislature duly took into account that any shape of goods is, to a certain extent, functional and that it would hence be inappropriate to refuse to register a shape of goods as a trade mark solely on the ground that it has functional characteristics. By the terms "exclusively" and "necessary", that provision ensures that solely shapes of goods that only incorporate a technical solution, and whose registration as a trade mark would thus actually impede the use of that technical solution by other undertakings, are not to be registered.
机译：1.第40/94号条例第7（l）（e）（ii）条规定，不得注册仅由商品形状构成的标志，而这是获得技术成果所必需的。在解释这种拒绝理由的范围时，需要考虑其基础的公共利益。第7条第（1）款（e）项第（ii）项的规定反映了两个因素之间的平衡，这两个因素都可能有助于建立公平的竞争制度。首先，为获得技术成果所必需的禁止任何由商品形状组成的标志的注册，确保企业不得为了无限期地永久保留与技术解决方案有关的专有权而使用商标法。根据专利法的保护已过期）。立法机关严格规定，获得技术成果所需的形状不适合作为商标注册，因为它已将第7条第1款第e项的驳回理由排除在第7条第3款的例外范围之外）。因此，根据第7条第3款，如果遵循该规定，即使获得技术成果所必需的商品形状因其使用已经变得独特，也应禁止其注册作为商标。其次，通过将第7条第1款e项第ii项规定的拒绝理由限制在“唯一”构成商品形状的标志上，而这种标志是获得技术成果“必要”的，立法机关应适当地采取了行动。考虑到任何形状的商品在一定程度上都具有功能性，因此仅凭其具有功能性特征而拒绝将某形状的商品注册为商标是不合适的。该条款用“排他性”和“必需”一词来确保仅包含技术解决方案且其商标注册实际上会阻碍其他企业使用该技术解决方案的商品形状。被注册。

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