A major drawback of conventional approaches to three-dimensional (3D) texture synthesis is the lack of fine-scale deformations in the synthesised results. This study presents a novel vector-field-based deformation approach to synthesising 3D textures with fine-scale deformations. The pre-process of this approach constructs feature vectors and similarity sets of voxels from an input 3D exemplar to accelerate neighbourhood matching. The synthesis process first introduces 3D vector fields for deforming synthesised results. A 3D pyramid synthesis technique integrated with 3D vector fields is then used to synthesise 3D textures. The proposed approach uses only eight neighbourhoods of each voxel for neighbourhood matching. Experimental results show that the proposed approach efficiently synthesises 3D textures with fine-scale deformations.
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