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The Human Trypanolytic Factor: A Drug Shaped Naturally

机译:人类锥虫分解因子:自然形成的药物

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摘要

African trypanosomes are responsible for sleeping sickness in man and nagana in cattle, which are both tremendous health burdens in Africa. Most African trypanosome species are killed by human serum. This is due to a serum trypanolytic particle specific of some old world monkeys and great apes, an HDL subclass containing two proteins which appeared recently in mammalian evolution, apolipoprotein L1 and haptoglobin related protein. Nevertheless, two African trypanosome species, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense are able to infect humans, because they developed resistance to trypanolysis. Resistance to human serum in Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is due to a single gene called SRA. This mechanism of lysis-resistance is therefore an example of a natural drug-antidote system which evolved during a pathogen-host arms race. The lysis and resistance mechanisms, their molecular components as well as their mode of action are reviewed. I also discuss how components of the system would be suitable drug targets and how the system could be engineered to generate an effective synthetic drug.
机译:非洲锥虫负责人的昏睡病和牛的长假名,这都是非洲的巨大健康负担。大多数非洲锥虫物种被人类血清杀死。这是由于某些古老的猴子和大猿特有的血清锥虫溶解性颗粒所致,HDL亚类含有最近在哺乳动物进化中出现的两种蛋白,载脂蛋白L1和触珠蛋白相关蛋白。尽管如此,两个非洲锥虫物种,冈比亚锥虫和罗氏锥虫能够感染人类,因为它们产生了对锥虫溶解的抗性。罗氏锥虫对人血清的抗药性归因于一个称为SRA的单一基因。因此,这种抗裂解的机制是在病原体-宿主军备竞赛期间进化的天然药物-解毒剂系统的一个实例。审查了裂解和抗性机制,其分子组成,以及它们的作用方式。我还将讨论系统的组件如何成为合适的药物靶标,以及如何对系统进行工程设计以产生有效的合成药物。

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