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REGIMES OF SHARING Open APIs, interoperability, and Facebook

机译：共享开放API，互操作性和Facebook的方式

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This paper explores the values, characteristics, and conditions of interoperability provided by Open Application Programming Interfaces (Open APIs) used by Facebook to identify underlying tensions that may challenge the sustainability of the Web as an open, secure, and liberating communication space. Interoperability between major online social network services holds great potential for linking a broad range of platforms, spaces, and people together in exciting new ways. Open APIs support interoperability by providing the tools to share data used to develop popular and useful Web applications, achieve seamless integration of social media services, and give rise to mutually beneficial third-party developer ecosystems that build on top of social media platforms. Yet, while Open APIs provide new ways of sharing and participating, they also provide a means for companies like Facebook to achieve market dominance, as well as undermine privacy, data security, contextual integrity, user autonomy and freedom. This paper examines interoperability enabled by Open APIs among competing online services (Facebook, Google, YouTube, MySpace and Twitter) to identify the tenuous push and pull of competition and cooperation. The author provides a summary and analysis of Facebook's Open API releases over the last five years, to determine the underlying conditions for sharing and identify the social implications of their technical features. This paper concludes by suggesting ways that users can make more informed decisions about their sharing and perhaps change the underlying conditions of interoperability all together by developing more secure and user controllable social networks, Open APIs, and online applications.
机译：本文探讨了Facebook使用的开放应用程序编程接口（Open API）提供的互操作性的价值，特征和条件，以识别潜在的紧张局势，这些紧张局势可能挑战作为开放，安全和自由的通信空间的Web的可持续性。主要在线社交网络服务之间的互操作性具有以令人振奋的新方式将广泛的平台，空间和人员链接在一起的巨大潜力。开放API通过提供工具来共享用于开发流行和有用的Web应用程序的数据，实现社交媒体服务的无缝集成以及建立在社交媒体平台之上的互利的第三方开发者生态系统，从而支持互操作性。然而，尽管开放式API提供了新的共享和参与方式，但它们还为Facebook之类的公司提供了一种控制市场的手段，并破坏了隐私，数据安全性，上下文完整性，用户自治性和自由度。本文研究了开放API在竞争性在线服务（Facebook，Google，YouTube，MySpace和Twitter）之间的互操作性，以确定竞争与合作的脆弱性。作者对过去五年中Facebook的Open API版本进行了总结和分析，以确定共享的基本条件并确定其技术特征的社会意义。本文最后提出了一些建议，通过开发更安全和用户可控制的社交网络，开放式API和在线应用程序，使用户可以做出关于共享的更明智的决定，并可能一起更改互操作性的基本条件。

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