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The democratic interface: technology, political organization, and diverging patterns of electoral representation

机译：民主接口：技术，政治组织和选举代表权的不同模式

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摘要

Democracies are experiencing historic disruptions affecting how people engage with core institutions such as the press, civil society organizations, parties, and elections. These processes of citizen interaction with institutions operate as a democratic interface shaping self-government and the quality of public life. The electoral dimension of the interface is important, as its operation can affect all others. This analysis explores a growing left-right imbalance in the electoral connection between citizens, parties, elections, and government. This imbalance is due, in part, to divergent left-right preferences for political engagement, organization, and communication. Support on the right for clearer social rules and simpler moral, racial and nationalist agendas are compatible with hierarchical, leader-centered party organizations that compete more effectively in elections. Parties on the left currently face greater challenges engaging citizens due to the popular meta-ideology of diversity and inclusiveness and demands for direct or deliberative democracy. What we term connective parties are developing technologies to perform core organizational functions, and some have achieved electoral success. However, when connective parties on the left try to develop shared authority processes, online and offline, they face significant challenges competing with more conventionally organized parties on the right.
机译：民主国家正在经历历史性的破坏，影响人们与媒体，民间社会组织，政党和选举等核心机构的互动方式。公民与机构互动的这些过程是民主的界面，塑造了自治和公共生活的质量。接口的选举维度很重要，因为它的操作会影响所有其他方面。该分析探讨了公民，政党，选举和政府之间的选举关系中日益严重的左右不平衡。这种不平衡部分是由于政治参与，组织和沟通的左右偏爱不同。支持更清晰的社会规则和更简单的道德，种族和民族主义议程的权利与等级更高，以领导者为中心的政党组织兼容，在选举中更有效地竞争。由于普遍存在的多样性和包容性的元意识形态以及对直接或协商民主的要求，左派政党目前在与公民互动方面面临更大的挑战。我们所说的结盟党正在开发执行核心组织职能的技术，其中一些已经取得了选举成功。但是，当左侧的连接方尝试开发联机和脱机的共享权限过程时，他们将面临与右侧组织更传统的方竞争的重大挑战。

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