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Digital survivance and Trickster humor: exploring visual and digital Indigenous epistemologies in the #NoDAPL movement

机译：数字化生存与诡计幽默：在#NoDAPL运动中探索视觉和数字化土著认识论

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The decolonizing turn in the humanities and social sciences calls for scholarship that analyzes social media practices through the lens of Indigenous epistemologies. In this article, we model the ways that Indigenous epistemologies might contribute to theories of social media practices as we explore ways that the digital image can drive identification with and engagement in political acts. The article analyzes social media tropes circulated across various platforms among Indigenous communities and allies in relation to the #NoDAPL movement. We argue that attempting to analyze Native American traditions through Western theory will only work towards colonizing these Indigenous texts. Thus, whereas we employ insights from digital and visual methods of analysis (Highfield, T., & Leaver, T.(2016). Instagrammatics and digital methods: Studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji. Communication Research and Practice, 2(1), 47-62), we also highlight the strategic use of humor in the visual materials shared through various social media platforms utilizing the framework of the Trickster. We argue that the visual and digital phenomena we studied might best be understood as a form of digital survivance, drawing upon Anishinaabe scholar Gerald Vizenor [(1994). Manifest manners: Postindian warriors of survivance. Hanover, CT: Wesleyan University Press]. term survivance' as a portmanteau that combines survival' and resistance' in its characterization of Indigenous storytelling traditions. Whereas centering the Indigenous figure of the Trickster might suggest that social media has failed to live up to its promises, this epistemological approach also explains the hope that Indigenous communities hold in uniting via social media for what has been and continues to be a long-term battle for sovereignty and for the protection of the earth and all of its beings.
机译：人文科学和社会科学的非殖民化趋势要求设立奖学金，以通过土著认识论的角度分析社会媒体的实践。在本文中，我们探讨了土著认识论可能对社交媒体实践理论做出贡献的方式，同时我们探索了数字图像可以推动人们认同和参与政治行为的方式。这篇文章分析了与#NoDAPL运动有关的跨各种平台在土著社区和盟友之间传播的社交媒体话题。我们认为，试图通过西方理论来分析美国原住民传统只会使这些土著文本殖民化。因此，尽管我们从数字和视觉分析方法中获取见识（Highfield，T.，＆Leaver，T.（2016）。Instagrammatics和数字方法：研究视觉社交媒体，从自拍和GIF到模因和表情符号。练习2（1），47-62）中，我们还强调了幽默的策略性使用，这些幽默是通过使用Trickster框架通过各种社交媒体平台共享的视觉材料的。我们认为，我们研究的视觉和数字现象最好理解为数字幸存的一种形式，这是借鉴了Anishinaabe学者Gerald Vizenor [（1994）]。清单方式：生存的后印第安战士。汉诺威，康涅狄格州：卫斯理大学出版社]。术语“生存”是一个结合了生存和抵抗的Portmanteau，用于描述土著叙事传统。尽管以诡计的土著人物为中心可能表明社交媒体未能兑现其诺言，但这种认识论方法也说明了希望土著社区通过社交媒体团结在一起的希望，这种愿望一直存在并将继续是长期的。为主权和保护地球及其所有生命而战。

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