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Gender inequality in mobile technology access: the role of economic and social development*

机译：移动技术中的性别不平等：经济和社会发展的作用*

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摘要

Digital inequality is a burgeoning field of study across disciplines, yet few papers address categorical digital inequality in cross-national samples. Using the only available cross-national data on access to Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) disaggregated by gender from the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), I add to existing literature by examining factors associated with women's unequal access to mobile phones across 51 countries. The largest of such samples, the ITU data demonstrates that the type and levels of gender inequality in mobile phone use are not consistent throughout countries. In fact, the distribution is quite variable, from incorporating a small-sample of nations where women have marginally higher access, to sub-samples close to parity, to a larger sub-sample where women are at a substantial disadvantage. Using Quantile Regression Methods to assess these variations, I test how major gender and international development theories inform inequality patterns. My findings suggest that women's wellbeing, as measured by their access to modern contraception (i.e., reproductive autonomy), overwhelmingly promotes women's relative access to mobile phones, regardless of preexisting levels of access. Other perspectives like the growth imperative and world polity theory show some staggered associations along the distribution that remain substantively inconclusive.
机译：数字不平等是跨学科的蓬勃发展的研究领域，但几篇论文涉及跨国样本中的分类数字不平等。利用关于从国际电信联盟（ITU）的性别分列的信息和通信技术（ICT）的唯一可用的跨国家数据（ITU），我通过审查与妇女在51个国家的移动电话相关的因素进行检查来添加到现有文献。 ITU数据中最大的这种样本展示了移动电话中的性别不平等的类型和水平在整个国家都不一致。实际上，分布是相当变化的，从融合女性较高的访问，靠近奇偶校验的子样本，较大的子样本，妇女处于大量劣势的较大的子样本。使用量化回归方法来评估这些变化，我测试了各种性别和国际发展理论如何通知不等式模式。我的研究结果表明，妇女的幸福，通过他们获得现代避孕（即繁殖自主权）来衡量的，绝大多数促进妇女的相对访问手机，无论预先存在的访问水平如何。其他观点，如增长和世界卫生素理论沿着沿着依赖性不确定的分布表现出一些交错的关联。

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