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Designing to support situation awareness across distances: an example from a scientific collaboratory

机译：设计以支持跨距离的态势感知：来自科学合作伙伴的示例

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摘要

When collaborating, individuals rely on situation awareness (the gathering, incorporation and utilization of environmental information) to help them combine their unique knowledge and skills and achieve their goals. When collaborating across distances, situation awareness is mediated by technology. There are few guidelines to help system analysts design systems or applications that support the creation and maintenance of situation awareness for teams or groups. We propose a framework to guide design decisions to enhance computer-mediated situation awareness during scientific research collaboration. The foundation for this framework is previous research in situation awareness and virtual reality, combined with our analysis of interviews with and observations of collaborating scientists. The framework suggests that situation awareness is comprised of contextual, task and process, and socio-emotional information. Research in virtual reality systems suggests control, sensory, distraction and realism attributes of technology contribute to a sense of presence [Presence 7 (1998) 225]. We suggest that consideration of these attributes with respect to contextual, task and process, and socio-emotional information provides insights to guide design decisions. We used the framework when designing a scientific collaboratory system. Results from a controlled experimental evaluation of the collaboratory system help illustrate the framework's utility. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：在进行协作时，个人依靠态势感知（环境信息的收集，合并和利用）来帮助他们结合自己独特的知识和技能并实现目标。跨距离协作时，态势感知由技术来调节。几乎没有指南可以帮助系统分析人员设计系统或应用程序，以支持创建或维护团队或团队的态势感知。我们提出了一个框架来指导设计决策，以在科研合作过程中增强计算机介导的态势感知。该框架的基础是对态势感知和虚拟现实的先前研究，并结合我们对合作科学家的访谈和观察的分析。该框架表明，情境意识包括上下文，任务和过程以及社会情感信息。对虚拟现实系统的研究表明，技术的控制，感官，注意力和现实主义属性有助于产生一种存在感[Presence 7（1998）225]。我们建议考虑上下文，任务和过程以及社会情感信息方面的这些属性可以为指导设计决策提供见解。在设计科学协作系统时，我们使用了该框架。协作系统的受控实验评估结果有助于说明该框架的实用性。 （C）2003 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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