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首页> 外文期刊>Integrated environmental assessment and management >Application of Octacalcium Phosphate with an Innovative Household‐scale Defluoridator Prototype and Behavioral Determinants of its Adoption in Rural Communities of the East African Rift Valley
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Application of Octacalcium Phosphate with an Innovative Household‐scale Defluoridator Prototype and Behavioral Determinants of its Adoption in Rural Communities of the East African Rift Valley

机译：磷酸盐的应用与创新的家庭规模偏氟化机原型和行为决定因素在东非裂谷农村群落中采用的应用

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摘要

Natural fluoride contamination of drinking water is a serious issue that affects several countries of the world. Its negative health impact is well documented in the East African Rift Valley, where water consumption with fluoride (F-) concentration greater than 1.5 mg/L can cause fluorosis to people. Within the framework of the European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 FLOWERED project, we first designed an effective defluoridation device based on innovative application of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and then explored its acceptance within rural communities. The prototype (FLOWERED Defluoridator Device [FDD]) essentially is composed of a 20-L tank and a recirculating pump that guarantees the interaction between water and OCP. The device is powered by a car battery for a fixed pumping working time using a fixed amount of OCP for every defluoridation cycle. The results of tests performed in the rural areas of Tanzania show that a standardized use of the prototype can lower the dissolved F- from an initial concentration of 21 mg/L to below the World Health Organization (WHO) drinkable limit of 1.5 mg/L in 2 h without secondary negative effects on water quality. The approximate cost of this device is around US$220, whereas that of OCP is about $0.03/L of treated water. As with any device, acceptance requires a behavioral change on behalf of rural communities that needed to be investigated. To this end, we piloted a survey to explore how psychological and socioeconomic factors influence the consumption of fluoride-free water. Results show that the adoption of FDD and OCP is more appealing to members of the rural communities who are willing to pay more and have a high consumption of water. Moreover, we suggest that given the low level of knowledge about fluorosis diseases, the government should introduce educational programs to make rural communities aware of the negative health consequences. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;00:1-15. (c) 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
机译：饮用水的自然氟化物是一种严重的问题，影响了世界几个国家。它的负面健康影响在东非裂谷中有很好的记录，其中氟化物（F-）浓度大于1.5mg / L可能会对人们引起氟化物。在欧盟（欧盟）地平线2020开花项目中，我们首先设计了一种基于磷酸十八钙（OCP）的创新应用的有效偏氟化装置，然后探讨了农村社区内的接受。原型（开花偏荧光器件[FDD]）基本上由20-L罐和再循环泵组成，可保证水和OCP之间的相互作用。该装置由汽车电池供电，用于固定的泵送工作时间，用于每个偏氟化循环的固定量OCP。在坦桑尼亚的农村地区进行的测试结果表明，标准化使用原型可以将溶解的F-从初始浓度降低到世界卫生组织（WHO）饮用限度为1.5 mg / L的初始浓度在2小时内没有对水质的二次负面影响。该设备的近似成本约为220美元，而OCP则约为0.03 / L处理的水。与任何设备一样，接受需要代表需要调查的农村社区的行为变化。为此，我们试图进行了一项调查，探讨了心理和社会经济因素如何影响无氟水的消耗。结果表明，通过FDD和OCP的采用对愿意支付更多的农村社区的成员更具吸引力，并且具有高消费的水。此外，我们建议鉴于氟中毒疾病的知识水平低，政府应该引入教育方案，使农村社区意识到负面的健康后果。积分环境评估管理MONAM 2020; 00：1-15。 （c）2020作者。综合环境评估和管理由Wiley期刊LLC代表环境毒理学和化学（Setac）

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