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Economic Development and Business Groups in Asia: Japan's Experience and Implications

机译：亚洲的经济发展和商业集团：日本的经验和启示

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摘要

Large, extensively diversified pyramidal business groups of listed firms dominate the histories of developed economies and the economies of developing economies. While such groups (called zaibatsu in Japan) are thought to have provided coordination for big push growth successfully in pre-second-world-war Japan after a state-run big push failed, it is still being debated whether such a pyramidal business group driven big push coordination exists in developing countries elsewhere in Asia. We hypothesize that pyramidal business groups can be private-sector mechanisms for coordinating big push growth, provided that first, competition between rival groups induces a sufficiently high level of coordination efficiency, and second, conditions exist for maintaining economic openness and basic infrastructure and legal institutions. Another condition that must be satisfied for a country to sustain economic growth after its big push phase is complete is a timely demise of business groups. Where these criteria are not met, growth stalls and the few pyramidal business groups become too powerful to dislodge.
机译：大型，多元化的上市公司金字塔形商业集团支配着发达经济体和发展中经济体的历史。尽管这样的团体（在日本被称为zaibatsu）被认为在第二次世界大战前的日本成功推动了大举增长的协调，但是在国有大举失败之后，这种金字塔形的商业集团是否推动了这种举动仍在争论亚洲其他地区的发展中国家都存在大力推动的协调。我们假设金字塔型企业集团可以成为协调大推动增长的私营部门机制，前提是首先，敌对集团之间的竞争会产生足够高的协调效率，其次，存在维持经济开放性，基本基础设施和法律制度的条件。一个国家在完成大推力阶段后要维持经济增长所必须满足的另一个条件是商业集团的及时消亡。在不满足这些条件的地方，增长停滞不前，少数金字塔形企业集团变得太强大而无法撤离。

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