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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Applied Environmental Sciences >Regulatory Requirements for Fly ash Utilisation from Thermal Power Plants in India
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Regulatory Requirements for Fly ash Utilisation from Thermal Power Plants in India

机译：印度火电厂粉煤灰利用的监管要求

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摘要

Fly ash is a combustion by-product of coal/lignite based thermal power plants or any other activity which is using coal/lignite as fuel. Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change has issued notifications for proper utilisation of ash generated due to combustion of coal/lignite. Generation of electricity in India involves to major amount by coal based thermal power plants. As per Central Electricity Authority all India installed capacity of power stations as on 30.04.2020 is 370106.46 MW. The Indian coal is of low grade having high ash content in the order of 30% to 45% generates large quantity of fly ash. The ash utilisation is lower than the generation hence there is surplus ash stock at present and is increasing every year. The management of fly ash has thus been a matter of concern in view of requirement of large area of land for its safe disposal. At present around 60% to 70% of the total fly ash generated by the power sector is being utilised. The remaining is dumped into poorly designed and maintained ash ponds. As per estimates, about a billion tonnes of this toxic ash lie dumped in these ponds, polluting land, air and water. By the year 2021 - 2022, the thermal power sector is estimated to produce 300 million tonnes of fly ash a year and with that, utilisation of all the fly ash being generated is going to become even harder. The NGT considered impact of non-utilization and proper disposal of fly ash by the TPPs on air quality, surface water, ground water, health and environment. Tribunal directed preparation of action plans to achieve 100% utilization of fly ash and for its scientific disposal. The committee comprising MoEF&CC, CPCB and ⅡT Roorkee was formed to determine the liability of the TPPs for damages on "Polluter Pays" principle and proposed formula for calculating environmental compensation, which was further modified by NGT.
机译：飞灰是基于煤/褐煤的燃烧副产品，或者使用煤/褐煤作为燃料的任何其他活动。环境，森林和气候变化部已发出通知，以便由于煤/褐煤燃烧而产生的灰烬的适当利用。印度的电力产生涉及基于煤的热电厂的主要量。根据中央电力管理局，所有印度的电站装机容量为30.04.2020，是370106.46 MW。印度煤具有低等级，高灰分含量为30％至45％，产生大量的粉煤灰。灰烬利用率低于生成，因此目前存在剩余灰分股，每年都在增加。因此，粉煤灰的管理是顾虑令人担忧的是，考虑到其安全处置的大面积。目前正在利用电源部门产生的总粉煤灰的60％至70％。剩下的被倾倒到设计不良和维护的灰池。根据估计，大约十亿吨这种有毒灰烬倾倒在这些池塘，污染土地，空气和水中。到2021年 - 2022年，估计热电部门每年生产3亿吨粉煤灰，而且产生的所有粉煤灰的利用将变得更加困难。 NGT考虑了TPP在空气质量，地表水，地面水，健康和环境中对粉煤灰的不利用和适当处理的影响。法庭针对行动计划的编制计划实现了粉煤灰100％的利用，并提供科学处理。组成的委员会组成，委员会成立，以确定“污染者支付”原则损害的TPP赔偿责任，并通过NGT进一步修改了“污染者支付”原则和拟议的公式。

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    B. Naveen Kumar; R. Radhika; V. Vijay Kumar; B. Chakradhar;

  • 作者单位

    Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited (Subsidiary of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd.) Consultancy division Ramky Grandiose Ramky Towers Gachibowli Hyderabad- 500032 Telangana India;

    Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited (Subsidiary of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd.) Consultancy division Ramky Grandiose Ramky Towers Gachibowli Hyderabad- 500032 Telangana India;

    Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited (Subsidiary of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd.) Consultancy division Ramky Grandiose Ramky Towers Gachibowli Hyderabad- 500032 Telangana India;

    Ramky Enviro Services Private Limited (Subsidiary of Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd.) Consultancy division Ramky Grandiose Ramky Towers Gachibowli Hyderabad- 500032 Telangana India;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Ash ponds; Fly Ash; Indian Coal; Lignite; Thermal Power Plants; Polluter Pays; and Environmental compensation;

    机译：灰池塘;飞灰;印度煤炭;褐煤;热电厂;污染者支付;和环境赔偿;

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