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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of constitutional law >The population and the individual: The human rights audit as the governmentalization of global human rights governance
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The population and the individual: The human rights audit as the governmentalization of global human rights governance

机译：人口与个人：人权审计作为全球人权治理的政府化

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摘要

Human rights are increasingly the justification and rationale for techniques of measurement, verification, assessment, monitoring, and review. These different forms of auditing operate across fields and engage many different actors-states, international organizations, and multinational firms-as both subjects and auditors alike. It is, then, plausible to describe the global governance of human rights as becoming increasingly characterized by a culture of auditing. This article argues that this tendency is the result of certain systemic characteristics which produce what Foucault describes as governmental rationalities or "governmentality": attempts to conduct the conduct of actors who are ostensibly autonomous, through programmatic manipulation of conditions. Human rights auditing, in other words, is a governmental technique that arises almost inevitably from the structure of the international human rights system. The article argues that the governmentalization of global human rights governance that results from the proliferation of auditing has the effect of producing what Foucault described as the "fundamental caesura" between individual and population. The individual diminishes as a source of concern and certainly as an active agent, and is replaced by a primary focus among the powerful on monitoring, measuring, and manipulating the population for benign ends. This has the effect of denuding human rights of the radical potential they possess.
机译：人权越来越成为衡量，验证，评估，监测和审查技术的理由和理由。这些不同形式的审计跨领域运作，并涉及许多不同的参与者-国家，国际组织和跨国公司-既涉及主题又涉及审计师。因此，将全球人权治理描述为越来越具有审计文化特征是合理的。本文认为，这种趋势是某些系统特征的结果，这些特征产生了福柯所描述的政府理性或“政府性”：试图通过程序性地操纵条件来进行表面上自治的行为者的行为。换句话说，人权审计是一种政府技术，几乎不可避免地源于国际人权体系的结构。该文章认为，由于审计工作的扩散而导致的全球人权治理的政府化，具有在个人与人口之间产生福柯所描述的“基本平凡”的作用。个人逐渐减少，成为关注的焦点，当然也减少了他们的积极性，并被监控，测量和操纵人口良性目标的强大力量所取代。这具有剥夺人权的巨大潜力的作用。

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