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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of entrepreneurial behaviour & research >Entrepreneurial intention in the time of crisis: a field study
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Entrepreneurial intention in the time of crisis: a field study

机译：危机时期的企业家意图：一项实地研究

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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of a prolonged economic recession on the entrepreneurial intentions of young people (university students) distinguishing between propensity to start a new business (i.e. degree of interest in entrepreneur-ship) and perceived likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur (i.e. probability to start a business in the future). Furthermore this study verifies if the recession strengthens the orientation to exploit new market opportunities, or simply supports self-employment objectives. Design/methodology/approach - Entrepreneurial intention was measured in terms of propensity to start a new business and perceived likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur. Psychosocial and economic variables were measured as well. Information was gathered through questionnaires distributed in both electronic and paper-and-pencil form to a sample of 3,684 Italian University students enrolled in 12 different faculties. Findings - First, this study found that while the perception of the economic crisis as an obstacle to new business creation does not impact on the propensity toward entrepreneurship, it has a negative and highly significant impact on the likelihood to start a business. Second, when a distinction is made between opportunity- and necessity-based types, results show that while for the latter the crisis impacts only on the perceived likelihood to become an entrepreneur, for the former it affects both dimensions of entrepreneurship, i.e., both propensity and perceived likelihood. Moreover, neither family support nor economic institutions are perceived as relevant in sustaining entrepreneurial intentions. On the contrary, the university is considered as a key support entity. Research limitations/implications - Reliance on cross-sectional questionnaires instead of an experimental design imposes caution about the causal relationships between predictors and entrepreneurial intent. Originality/value - The present paper is one of the few studies concerning the influence of rapid worsening of external economic context (severe recession) on the entrepreneurial intent.
机译：目的-本文的目的是研究长期经济衰退对年轻人（大学学生）创业意图的影响，以区分开办新企业的倾向（即，对企业家的兴趣程度）与感知的创业可能性之间的关系。成为企业家（即将来创业的可能性）。此外，本研究验证了经济衰退是否加强了开发新市场机会的方向，还是仅仅支持了自谋职业目标。设计/方法/方法-创业意向的衡量标准是开展新业务的倾向和发现成为企业家的可能性。还测量了社会心理和经济变量。通过以电子形式和纸质铅笔形式分发的问卷收集了信息，以抽样方式向12个不同系的3684名意大利大学生进行了抽样调查。发现-首先，这项研究发现，虽然将经济危机视为新业务创造的障碍并没有影响创业的倾向，但对创业的可能性却具有负面影响，并且影响重大。其次，当对基于机会的类型和基于需求的类型进行区分时，结果表明，对于后者，危机仅影响人们认为成为企业家的可能性，而对于前者，危机则影响着企业家精神的两个方面，即两个倾向和感知的可能性。此外，家庭支持和经济机构都没有被认为与维持创业意图有关。相反，大学被认为是关键的支持实体。研究的局限性/含义-依靠横断面问卷而不是实验性设计对有关预测因素与企业家意图之间的因果关系施加了警告。原创性/价值-本文是有关外部经济环境迅速恶化（严重衰退）对企业家意图影响的少数研究之一。

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