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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer >Temperature induced in the testicular and related tissues due to electromagnetic fields exposure at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz
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Temperature induced in the testicular and related tissues due to electromagnetic fields exposure at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz

机译：暴露于900 MHz和1800 MHz的电磁场引起的睾丸及相关组织中的温度

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摘要

Increased testicular temperature adversely affects the reproductive system in the male. Environmental conditions, namely high ambient temperature and electromagnetic fields (EMFs), influence the temperature increase in the human body. This study considers the computationally determined specific absorption rate (SAR) and the heat transfer in a piecewise-homogeneous human model of the male reproductive organs and upper thigh exposed to an electric dipole antenna. The study focuses on increases in testicular temperature due to EMF absorption. Much attention is paid to the effects of the operating frequency and exposure time on the SAR and temperature increases induced by exposure to a near-field EMF. The electric field, SAR and temperature distributions in various tissues during exposure to EMFs are obtained by numerical simulation of EM wave propagation and an unsteady bioheat transfer model. This study indicated that when the model is exposed to EMFs at the frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz, the highest SAR values are obtained in the scrotum. In the testis, which is the most sensitive part of the male reproductive system, the SAR value of the 900 MHz frequency is significantly higher than that of 1800 MHz, while there are no significant differences in the temperature increases between the two operating frequencies. The obtained results may be of assistance in determining exposure limits for the power output of wireless transmitters, and their operating frequency for use with humans. Significant of this work: The study focuses on increases in testicular temperature due to EMF absorption. Much attention is paid to the effects of the operating frequency and exposure time on the SAR and temperature increases induced by exposure to a near-field EMF. The electric field, SAR and temperature distributions in various tissues during exposure to EMFs are obtained by numerical simulation of EM wave propagation and an unsteady bioheat transfer model. The obtained results may be of assistance in determining exposure limits for the power output of wireless transmitters, and their operating frequency for use with humans.
机译：睾丸温度升高对男性生殖系统产生不利影响。环境条件，即高环境温度和电磁场（EMF），会影响人体的温度升高。这项研究考虑了在男性生殖器官和大腿上部暴露于电偶极子天线的分段均质人体模型中，计算确定的比吸收率（SAR）和热传递。该研究的重点是由于EMF吸收导致睾丸温度升高。人们非常关注工作频率和曝光时间对SAR的影响，以及由于暴露于近场EMF引起的温度升高。通过电磁波传播的数值模拟和非稳态生物传热模型，获得了暴露于EMF期间各种组织中的电场，SAR和温度分布。这项研究表明，当模型暴露于900和1800 MHz频率的EMF时，在阴囊中可获得最高的SAR值。在男性生殖系统最敏感的睾丸中，900 MHz频率的SAR值明显高于1800 MHz，而两个工作频率之间的温度升高没有明显差异。所获得的结果可能有助于确定无线发射器的功率输出的暴露极限及其与人一起使用的工作频率。这项工作的意义：该研究的重点是由于吸收EMF而导致睾丸温度升高。人们非常关注工作频率和曝光时间对SAR的影响，以及由于暴露于近场EMF引起的温度升高。通过电磁波传播的数值模拟和非稳态生物传热模型，获得了暴露于EMF期间各种组织中的电场，SAR和温度分布。所获得的结果可能有助于确定无线发射器的功率输出的暴露极限及其与人一起使用的工作频率。

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