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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Mathematics, Game Theory, and Algebra >Advanced Process Control Based on MPC: An Application to a Biodiesel Plant
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Advanced Process Control Based on MPC: An Application to a Biodiesel Plant

机译：基于MPC的高级过程控制：在生物柴油工厂中的应用

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摘要

The sustained growth of energy consumption worldwide, the reduction of oil reserves, and the growing awareness about the negative environmental consequences that generate the main current energy sources have led to the search for alternative and renewable energy sources, including biofuels and, in particular, the biodiesel. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fat and low molecular weight alcohols. There are many literature and pilot plants with different technologies for the production of this type of biofuel. However, on an industrial scale production, the homogeneous alkaline transesterification is the most commonly used process. However, it is essential that the final product meets the quality specifications for a successful entry in local and international markets. In this chapter, the implementation of an advanced control strategy based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) is proposed. This strategy uses an MPC controller for the neutralization and washing area of a continuous biodiesel production plant, which is modelled with Aspen Hysys ® software. This rigorous model is considered a benchmark in the process control community. The neutralization and washing area of the biodiesel plant was selected as case study due to its direct impact on the quality of the final product. In addition, the complexity of the control strategy based on decentralized controllers with override control found in the literature reinforces the idea of using MPC, which is a multivariable control strategy that inherently allows incorporating constraints into the control formulation. The MPC design considers the biodiesel quality specifications related to the purity and maximum impurities concentrations allowed in the product. Also, operational constraints of the manipulated variables have also been included. The area under study has several controlled, manipulated, and measured disturbance variables. Analyzing the control requisites, some variables need to be controlled at a fixed value while the others need only be maintained within specific operating zones. MPC is a model-based control strategy. Therefore, it was necessary to have a control-oriented model of the area to be controlled. Hence, we proceeded to identify several models (linear and nonlinear) to represent the system behavior using the data collected from the rigorous Aspen Hysys ® simulation environment. Accordingly, different MPC controllers have been developed and tested. Then, the controller performance is evaluated by using the servo/regulator characteristics at the closed-loop. The results show that the controllers were able to track the references and reject the disturbances successfully, keeping all outputs within the specified constraints.
机译：全球能源消耗的持续增长，石油储备的减少以及人们对产生当前主要能源的负面环境后果的认识日益提高，导致人们寻求替代能源和可再生能源，包括生物燃料，尤其是可再生能源。生物柴油。生物柴油是一种液体燃料，由植物油或动物脂肪和低分子量醇产生。有许多文献和中试工厂采用不同的技术来生产这种类型的生物燃料。然而，在工业规模生产中，均相碱性酯交换是最常用的方法。但是，最终产品必须符合质量规格，才能成功进入本地和国际市场。在本章中，提出了基于模型预测控制（MPC）的高级控制策略的实现。该策略使用MPC控制器对连续生物柴油生产厂的中和和清洗区域进行建模，并使用Aspen Hysys®软件进行建模。这种严格的模型被认为是过程控制社区的基准。选择生物柴油厂的中和和洗涤区域作为案例研究，因为它直接影响最终产品的质量。另外，文献中发现的基于具有分散控制的分散控制器的控制策略的复杂性增强了使用MPC的思想，MPC是一种多变量控制策略，其固有地允许将约束条件合并到控制公式中。 MPC设计考虑了与产品中允许的纯度和最大杂质浓度有关的生物柴油质量规格。而且，还包括了受控变量的操作约束。研究区域具有几个受控，可操作和可测量的干扰变量。分析控制要求后，需要将某些变量控制为固定值，而其他变量仅需保持在特定的操作区域内。 MPC是基于模型的控制策略。因此，必须具有要控制区域的面向控制的模型。因此，我们使用从严格的Aspen Hysys®仿真环境中收集的数据来确定几种模型（线性和非线性）来表示系统行为。因此，已经开发并测试了不同的MPC控制器。然后，通过使用闭环中的伺服/调节器特性来评估控制器性能。结果表明，控制器能够跟踪参考并成功排除干扰，将所有输出保持在指定的约束范围内。

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