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Guest Editorial: High-Level Parallel Programming with Algorithmic Skeletons

机译：客座社论：具有算法框架的高级并行编程

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摘要

The architectures of high-performance computers become increasingly complex. A typical machine consists of several computing nodes connected by some high-speed network. Each node provides multiple processing cores and possibly several accelerators such as graphics processing units (GPUs). The complexity of such an architecture leads to the complexity of the software running on it. Typically, message passing based on MPI is employed for communicating over the high-speed network. Within a computing node, approaches such as OpenMP allow to coordinate and properly synchronize several threads running on the multiple cores. Additionally, accelerators with an own complicated memory and thread hierarchy may be used on such computing nodes. Low-level approaches such as OpenCL and CUDA are mostly used to program them. A major challenge here is the efficient organization of a complex thread hierarchy, as well as the memory transfer between main memory of the CPU and device storage. Overall, programming contemporary high-performance machines requires the sophisticated combination of several parallel-computing frameworks such as MPI, OpenMP, OpenCL, and CUDA. This often overburdens application programmers, which would prefer to just focus on their application domain. But even for experts in parallel programming, this style of programming is tedious and error-prone.
机译：高性能计算机的体系结构变得越来越复杂。一台典型的机器由几个通过高速网络连接的计算节点组成。每个节点提供多个处理核心，并可能提供多个加速器，例如图形处理单元（GPU）。这种架构的复杂性导致在其上运行的软件的复杂性。通常，基于MPI的消息传递用于在高速网络上进行通信。在计算节点内，诸如OpenMP之类的方法允许协调并正确同步运行在多个内核上的多个线程。另外，可以在这样的计算节点上使用具有自己复杂的存储器和线程层次结构的加速器。 OpenCL和CUDA等低级方法通常用于对其进行编程。这里的主要挑战是高效组织复杂的线程层次结构，以及CPU主内存和设备存储之间的内存传输。总体而言，对当代高性能计算机进行编程需要将多个并行计算框架（例如MPI，OpenMP，OpenCL和CUDA）进行复杂的组合。这常常使应用程序程序员负担沉重，他们宁愿只专注于他们的应用程序领域。但是，即使对于并行编程的专家来说，这种编程风格也很繁琐且容易出错。

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  • 作者

    Sergei Gorlatch; Herbert Kuchen;

  • 作者单位

    Institut fuer Informatik, Universitaet Muenster, Muenster, Germany;

    ERCIS, Universitat Munster, Munster, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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