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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Primatology >Transfer and Acclimatization Effects on the Behavior of Two Species of African Great Ape (Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla gorilla) Moved to a Novel and Naturalistic Zoo Environment
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Transfer and Acclimatization Effects on the Behavior of Two Species of African Great Ape (Pan troglodytes and Gorilla gorilla gorilla) Moved to a Novel and Naturalistic Zoo Environment

机译：转移和驯化对两种新颖的自然主义动物园环境中非洲大猿（Pan troglodytes和Gorilla gorilla gorilla）行为的影响

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Studying the effects of moving animals to new enclosures is of value to both captive managers and to scientists interested in the complex interplay between environment and behavior. Great apes represent some of the greatest challenges in this regard. Given the cognitive sophistication of these species and the substantial investments in new primate facilities, these investigations are particularly important. Using post-occupancy evaluation (POE) methodology, we compared behavior exhibited by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in indoor hardscape-type exhibits to behavior of the same individuals in new naturalistic enclosures with outdoor access. In the new facility, chimpanzees showed decreases in the frequency of abnormal behaviors and visual monitoring of humans (attention behaviors) whereas gorillas exhibited reduced agonism as well as decreased attention behaviors. Both gorillas and chimpanzees demonstrated higher rates of inactivity after transfer to the new facility. All subjects in addition demonstrated transitory changes in behavior after the move to the new facility (higher rates of scratching in yr 1 than in subsequent years), indicating a period of acclimatization. Seasonal effects on feeding behavior and activity levels (both species were more active in the winter) were evident as well. The results indicate that behavioral adjustment to a new facility is an extended process for both species and that seasonal effects should be considered in longitudinal analyses of acclimatization. Behavioral patterns supported the benefits of naturalistic, functional exhibit spaces and the utility of post-occupancy evaluations in assessing captive animal welfare.
机译：对圈养管理者和对环境与行为之间复杂的相互作用感兴趣的科学家而言，研究将动物转移到新的围栏中的影响都是有价值的。在这方面，大猿代表了一些最大的挑战。考虑到这些物种的认知能力以及对新灵长类动物设施的大量投资，这些研究特别重要。使用居住后评估（POE）方法，我们比较了黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）和大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla gorilla）在室内硬景观型展览中表现出的行为，以及同一个人在具有室外通道的新自然主义围栏中的行为。在新设施中，黑猩猩显示出异常行为和对人类进行视觉监控（注意力行为）的频率降低，而大猩猩表现出减少的激动作用以及注意力下降。大猩猩和黑猩猩转移到新设施后均表现出较高的不活动率。此外，所有受试者在迁入新设施后均表现出短暂的行为变化（第1年的抓挠率高于随后几年），表明该环境已经适应了一段时间。对摄食行为和活动水平的季节性影响（两种物种在冬季都比较活跃）也很明显。结果表明，对新设施的行为调整对于这两个物种都是一个扩展过程，在适应的纵向分析中应考虑季节影响。行为模式支持自然主义，功能性展示空间的好处以及占用后评估在评估圈养动物福利中的效用。

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