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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Production Research >Rack shape and energy efficient operations in automated storage and retrieval systems
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Rack shape and energy efficient operations in automated storage and retrieval systems

机译：自动化存储和检索系统中的机架形状和节能操作

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摘要

Energy efficiency has become a primary goal to be pursued for sustainable logistics. In automated storage and retrieval systems this leads to revise the traditional control policies aimed at picking time minimisation and to pay more attention to rack configuration, which has been not a research concern from the time-based perspective. Proper models for energy calculation should be developed by introducing new factors neglected in time analysis, such as the weight of unit loads and the differentiation of shifts along the horizontal and vertical axis as regard energy requirements, due to different contribution of gravity, inertia and friction. In this study, a classification of racks based on system height is proposed in order to select the proper crane specifications needed to compute the torque to be overcome by motors to serve a given location within a rack. An overall optimisation model based on Constraint Programming hybridised with Large Neighborhood Search is developed, allowing the joint application of the best control policies for storage assignment and sequencing both for time and energy-based optimisation, as well as the introduction of multiple weight unit loads and energy recovery. Simulations analysis is performed in order to assess the impact of the rack shape on energy saving. Results show how, regardless the demand curve and the optimisation objective, the best performances in terms of energy efficiency are reached by the intermediate height rack shapes, while the lower ones outperform when considering travel time performance.
机译：能源效率已成为可持续物流的主要目标。在自动存储和检索系统中，这导致修订了旨在最大程度地缩短拣选时间的传统控制策略，并更加关注机架配置，从基于时间的角度来看，这并不是研究的重点。应该通过引入时间分析中忽略的新因素来开发正确的能量计算模型，例如由于重力，惯性和摩擦的不同贡献，单位载荷的重量以及沿水平和垂直轴的位移在能量方面的差异。 。在这项研究中，建议根据系统高度对机架进行分类，以便选择适当的起重机规格，以计算电动机在机架中给定位置所要克服的扭矩。开发了一种基于约束规划和大型邻域搜索混合的整体优化模型，该模型允许联合应用最佳控制策略进行存储分配和基于时间和能源的优化排序，并引入多个重量单位负载和能量恢复。为了评估机架形状对节能的影响，进行了仿真分析。结果表明，无论需求曲线和优化目标如何，中等高度的齿条形状都可以在能源效率方面实现最佳性能，而考虑行程时间性能时，较低的齿条形状却能达到最佳性能。

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