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Exploring soft versus hard factors for TQM implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises

机译:探索中小企业实施TQM的软硬因素

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Purpose - This paper aims to rank the emphasis placed on critical factors and quality management principles that determine the success of total quality management (TQM) as it applies to quality management system implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach - This paper is a synthesis of the literature on TQM implementation in SMEs operating in a developing environment and identifies critical factors. These factors are prioritised according to the frequency in which they appeared by number of articles. The compliance requirements of the ISO 9001:2000 standard is mapped to one or a combination of quality management principles (QMPs) on which the standard is based. These principles are grouped as soft and hard and ranked in terms of the number of compliance requirements they represent. Findings - The paper identifies critical factors of TQM implementation for SMEs operating in a developing economy. Although exploratory in nature, evidence shows that, while researchers have placed more emphasis on the "soft" factors, the compliance requirements of the ISO 9001:2000 standard stress more on the "hard" factors. Research limitations/implications - The paper shows that the possibility of enriching the theories and practices of TQM implementation and extending the knowledge and applications of "soft" and "hard" factors need to be explored. Contrasting the eight QMPs of ISO 9001:2000 with the evaluation criteria of quality excellence awards needs to be addressed. Practical implications - This paper reviews the relative importance of "soft" and "hard" factors, and relates the QMPs and compliance requirements of ISO 9001:2000 to TQM implementation in SMEs. It identifies strengths and weaknesses of the standard, and provides a source of information for top management of SMEs interested in implementing a quality management system. Originality/value - The findings in this paper link the compliance requirements of ISO 9001:2000 to QMPs, and point to areas that tend to be least addressed by the ISO 9001:2000 standard The paper also advocates a holistic approach to safeguard proper TQM implementation and continual improvement of people, product and processes in SMEs.
机译:目的-本文旨在将重点放在决定全面质量管理(TQM)成功的关键因素和质量管理原则上,因为该质量管理原则适用于中小企业(SME)的质量管理体系实施。设计/方法/方法-本文是有关在处于发展中环境的中小企业中实施TQM的文献综述,并确定了关键因素。根据文章数的出现频率,对这些因素进行优先排序。 ISO 9001:2000标准的合规性要求映射到该标准所基于的一种或多种质量管理原则(QMP)。这些原则分为软性和硬性两类,并根据它们表示的合规性要求的数量进行排名。调查结果-本文确定了发展中经济体中的中小企业实施TQM的关键因素。尽管本质上是探索性的,但证据表明,尽管研究人员更加重视“软”因素,但ISO 9001:2000标准的合规性要求却更多地强调“硬”因素。研究的局限性/意义-本文表明,有必要探索丰富TQM实施理论和实践并扩展“软”和“硬”因素的知识和应用的可能性。需要解决ISO 9001:2000的八个QMP与质量卓越奖的评估标准之间的矛盾。实际意义-本文回顾了“软”和“硬”因素的相对重要性,并将ISO 9001:2000的QMP和合规性要求与中小企业的TQM实施联系起来。它确定了标准的优点和缺点,并为有兴趣实施质量管理体系的中小型企业的高层管理人员提供了信息来源。原创性/价值-本文的研究结果将ISO 9001:2000的合规性要求与QMP相联系,并指出了ISO 9001:2000标准中最不应该解决的领域。本文还提倡采用整体方法来维护正确的TQM实施并不断改善中小型企业的人员,产品和流程。

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