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EXPLANATION IN THE HERMENEUTIC SCIENCE

机译：解释学的解释

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摘要

Using clinical vignettes, we first examine the idea that psychoanalysis is, in Gill's (1991) phrase, a hermeneutic science—hermeneutic because it interprets meanings, scientific because the meaning connections it deals with are also usually causal connections. Next we explore some aspects of the structure of the kinds of explanation distinctive to psychoanalysis. Three kinds are distinguished: conveyance of content explanations, which have been central in the accounts of some recent philosophers of psychoanalysis, and two kinds of explanation in terms of intentionality, in terms, that is to say, of what the psychic states in question are about. One deals with forward-looking states such as wishes, in which the state is about some future, sought-after state of affairs such as a wish-fulfilment; the other deals with backward-looking psychic states such as memories, in which the state to be explained is about some earlier experience, fantasy, or whatever, one often quite unknown to the analysand prior to analysis. The paper concludes by making a quick case for the idea that good explanations in terms of meaning or intentionality often also identify the cause of the psychic states being explained.
机译：首先，我们使用临床小插曲来检验心理分析这一概念，用吉尔（Gill，1991）的话来说，是一种解释学，解释学是因为它解释了意义，科学是因为它所处理的意义联系通常也是因果联系。接下来，我们探讨心理分析所特有的各种解释结构的某些方面。区分了三种：内容解释的传递，这是一些近期的精神分析哲学家的中心论述，以及两种有意的解释，即有关精神状态是什么的解释。关于。一个是处理诸如愿望之类的前瞻性状态，在该状态中，关于某个未来的，备受追捧的事务状态，例如实现愿望；另一种则涉及诸如记忆之类的后向心理状态，其中要解释的状态是关于一些较早的经历，幻想或任何东西的，在分析之前，这种状态通常是分析者所不知道的。本文最后通过简单说明以下观点得出结论：在意义或意向性方面进行良好的解释通常还会确定所解释的心理状态的原因。

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