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Doomed to Fail from the Outset? UNHCR's Convention Plus Initiative Revisited

机译：从一开始就注定要失败？再谈难民署的《公约》倡议

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摘要

In September 2002, the High Commissioner for Refugees outlined the contours of a new initiative: the Convention Plus initiative, which set out to develop a normative framework for global burden-sharing. It proceeded from the assumption that the present refugee law regime – in this context, the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees – was not sufficient to cope with current needs. Three years later, the initiative ended without having accomplished its goal. Besides the fact that the Convention Plus initiative failed to address the question of why states parties to the present refugee regime should commit themselves to burden-sharing, the Convention Plus initiative was doomed to fail from the outset for systemic reasons. It was a futile attempt at piecemeal engineering where structural adjustment was required. In addition, the initiative placed UNHCR on a par with the states parties to the relevant instruments, disregarding UNHCR's own distinct responsibilities. Since burden-sharing constitutes a pressing issue, which will consequently remain on the agenda until properly addressed, it is worth dwelling on this past attempt to secure equitable burden-sharing among states from the perspective of the regime itself, the parties to it, and the separate responsibilities of UNHCR.
机译：2002年9月，难民事务高级专员概述了一项新倡议的轮廓：《公约+》倡议，该倡议旨在为全球分担负担制定规范性框架。它是基于这样一种假设，即目前的难民法制度（在这种情况下，是1951年《关于难民地位的公约》和1967年《关于难民地位的议定书》）不足以满足当前的需求。三年后，该计划没有完成目标就结束了。除了《公约》倡议没有解决为什么目前的难民制度的缔约国应承担分担负担的问题外，《公约》倡议注定要从一开始就因为系统原因而失败。对于需要结构调整的零碎工程，这是徒劳的尝试。此外，该倡议使难民专员办事处与有关文书的缔约国处于同等地位，无视难民专员办事处本身的职责。由于分担负担是一个紧迫的问题，因此在适当解决之前将一直保留在议程上，因此值得一提的是过去的尝试，即从该政权本身，其当事各方以及各当事方的角度确保各国之间公平分担负担。难民署的单独职责。

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    《International Journal of Refugee Law》 |2009年第3期|p.387-420|共34页
  • 作者

    Marjoleine Zieck*;

  • 作者单位

    *Professor of International Refugee Law, Amsterdam Center for International Law, Amsterdam Law School, University of Amsterdam;

    Professor of Public International Law, Pakistan College of Law, Lahore;

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