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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of river basin management >Farmers' perception of soil erosion and participation in soil and water conservation activities in the Gusha Temela watershed, Arsi, Ethiopia
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Farmers' perception of soil erosion and participation in soil and water conservation activities in the Gusha Temela watershed, Arsi, Ethiopia

机译：埃塞俄比亚阿西古沙特梅拉流域的农民对水土流失的认识和参与水土保持活动

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摘要

Soil erosion has been the most chronic problem in the Ethiopian highlands. To reduce this problem, farmers' genuine participation in soil and water conservation (SWC) and perception about soil erosion and managing using effective and sustainable SWC activities is paramount important. This research was conducted in the Gusha Temela watershed, Arsi, Ethiopia, aiming to investigate the perception and participation of farmers on soil erosion, SWC activities and factors affecting farmers' decisions to participate in the SWC activities. Questioner survey, interview, focus group discussion and participant observation data collection tools were used. The collected data were analysed by descriptive statistics using SPSS version 17 software. It was found that farmers have perceived the existence of soil erosion problem on their farm land and had good motives to participate in SWC activities. The respondents noted that soil erosion, causes of soil erosion and decline in productivity were the major indicators of soil erosion. Majority of the respondents (76%) participated in conserving soil by their own interest. Large household sizes, adequate labour, old age, high degree of contact with development agents (DAs), willingness to adopt new SWC technologies and their income source have been the major influencing factors for participating in SWC activities. Extension services enhanced farmers' confidence in SWC activities and encouraged them to take possible risks associated with the initiatives. This implies that initiatives should be supported by appropriate extension services. Farmers who are highly engaged in off-farm economic activities and their land source by rent showed less participation in SWC activities mainly because of the preoccupation to earn additional income for their livelihoods. Thus, appropriate incentive mechanisms should be implemented for those engaged in off-farm activities to compensate them for the time and labour they spent in SWC activities. It was also suggested that the land policy should address the tenure security, particularly for those who are working in sharecropping and rent arrangements.
机译：水土流失一直是埃塞俄比亚高地最长期的问题。为了减少这个问题，农民真正参与水土保持（SWC）以及对土壤侵蚀的认识以及使用有效和可持续的SWC活动进行管理至关重要。这项研究是在埃塞俄比亚Arsi的Gusha Temela流域进行的，旨在调查农民对水土流失，SWC活动以及影响农民参与SWC活动决策的因素的看法和参与。使用了提问者调查，访谈，焦点小组讨论和参与者观察数据收集工具。使用SPSS 17版软件通过描述性统计分析收集的数据。结果发现，农民已经意识到其耕地上存在水土流失问题，并且具有参与SWC活动的良好动机。受访者指出，土壤侵蚀，土壤侵蚀的原因和生产率的下降是土壤侵蚀的主要指标。大部分受访者（76％）出于自身利益参与了土壤保护。较大的家庭规模，充足的劳动力，高龄，与发展代理人（DAs）的高度接触，愿意采用新的SWC技术及其收入来源已成为参与SWC活动的主要影响因素。推广服务增强了农民对SWC活动的信心，并鼓励他们承担与计划相关的可能风险。这意味着应该由适当的扩展服务来支持计划。从事非农经济活动和以地租方式耕种的土地的农民显示出参与SWC活动的较少，这主要是因为人们全神贯注地以谋生为生。因此，应该为从事非农业活动的人实施适当的激励机制，以补偿他们在SWC活动中花费的时间和劳力。还有人建议，土地政策应解决权属安全问题，特别是对于那些从事股份制和租金安排工作的人。

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