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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of river basin management >Sand quarrying activities in an alluvial reach of Damodar River, Eastern India: towards a geomorphic assessment
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Sand quarrying activities in an alluvial reach of Damodar River, Eastern India: towards a geomorphic assessment

机译：印度东部达莫达河冲积河段的采砂活动：地貌评估

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摘要

River is a system in which it always tries to make a balance between input and output. Any type of human intervention may affect the whole system and alluvial rivers give response to this interference through changes in its morphology. This concept has serious implications on the present study of Damodar River (Eastern India). Though the hydrology and morphology of Damodar river have been controlled by human activities over the last 50 years, large-scale excavation of river sand from the Damodar riverbed was initiated in the mid-1990s due to increasing urbanization and industrialization. Mainly, the alluvial reach of lower Damodar river is highly affected by uncontrolled sand excavation. To identify the status of sand mining and assess the geomorphic impacts due to indiscriminate and unscientific sand mining, we select Damodar river in between Sillaghat and Sadarghat of West Bengal. It has been estimated that 8, 35,000 ft3/ day (in peak season) of sand is extracted through 71 sand mining areas only from the 40.625 km channel between Sillaghat and Sadarghat. With the help of Geographic Information System (GIS) and field survey, we tried to identify the effects of this huge extraction of sand on this river, which we mapped through Arc GIS software. From the prepared maps, we have identified that Thalweg dynamics, riverbank erosion, instability of river bars; channel bifurcation and pool-riffle sequence change are the major geomorphic impacts of sand mining. Keeping the above concept in the backdrop, it is essential to have a process-based understanding as well as in-depth study of the river for the sustainable management of this threatened river.
机译：River是一种系统，在该系统中，它总是试图在投入和产出之间取得平衡。任何类型的人为干预都可能影响整个系统，冲积河流通过其形态变化对这种干扰做出反应。这个概念对目前的Damodar河（印度东部）研究产生了严重的影响。尽管过去50年来人类活动一直控制着Damodar河的水文和形态，但由于城市化和工业化的发展，在1990年代中期开始从Damodar河床大规模挖掘河沙。主要是，达莫达河下游的冲积河段受到不受控制的沙土开挖的严重影响。为了确定采砂的状况并评估由于不加区别和不科学的采砂而造成的地貌影响，我们选择西孟加拉邦Sillaghat和Sadarghat之间的Damodar河。据估计，仅从Sillaghat和Sadarghat之间的40.625 km航道，通过71个采砂区每天采出8粒35,000 ft3 /天（高峰季节）的砂子。在地理信息系统（GIS）和实地调查的帮助下，我们试图确定这种巨大的沙粒提取对这条河的影响，并通过Arc GIS软件对其进行了制图。从准备的地图中，我们已经确定了Thalweg动力学，河岸侵蚀，河床不稳定。河道分叉和池步序列变化是采砂的主要地貌影响。将上述概念作为背景，对河流进行基于过程的理解和深入研究对于这条受威胁河流的可持续管理至关重要。

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