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THE HARD AND THE EASY GROUNDING PROBLEMS

机译:困难和容易的接地问题

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'Grounding' is somehow desirable for robotics, but it is not terribly clear why, how, and for what. Historically, Searle had attacked the claims that a computer can literally be said to understand, or to explain the human ability to understand. His argument was that a computer only does syntactical 'symbol' manipulation and thus a system can not "think, understand and so on solely in virtue of being a computer with the right sort of program" (Searle, 1980, p. 368). Harnad turned this in to the challenge that the symbols in a machine with intentional properties (like understanding or meaning) should be 'grounded' via causal connection to the world (Harnad, 1990).
机译:“接地”在某种程度上是机器人技术所希望的,但并不清楚原因,方式和目的。从历史上看,塞尔曾经抨击过所谓计算机可以真正理解或解释人类理解能力的说法。他的论据是,计算机仅进行语法上的“符号”操纵,因此系统不能“仅仅依靠具有正确程序类型的计算机来进行思考,理解等”(Searle,1980,第368页)。 Harnad提出了挑战,即具有意向属性(例如理解或意义)的机器中的符号应通过与世界的因果关系“接地”(Harnad,1990年)。

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