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Evaluation of plant-based water status indicators in mature apple trees under field conditions

机译：野外条件下成熟苹果树中植物水状态指标的评估

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The performance of different indicators of plant water status as a tool for irrigation management was evaluated in mature field grown ‘Golden Delicious’ apple trees during the late summer of 1998. Control (C) and stress (S) treatments were studied. In the C treatment trees were irrigated daily at 100% ETc whereas in the S treatment water was withheld during 31 days (DOY’s 236–266). Predawn water potential (Ψpd) and midday stem water potential (Ψstem) were measured several times a week during the experimental period. Three daily measurements of stomatal conductance (gs) and stem water potential were made during five consecutive days in mid-September. Trunk diameter changes (TDC) were recorded by LVDT sensors, and from these measurements, maximum daily shrinkage (MDS), daily growth (DG), and cumulative growth (CG) were calculated. Midday Ψstem showed the best ratio between the response to moderate water stress and tree variability (“signaloise” ratio) among the indicators studied here, followed closely by Ψpd. On the other hand, the poorest water status indicator was gs. Due to the low trunk growth rate of the trees, and its high variability, DG and CG were not adequate indicators. MDS showed a lower sensitivity to water stress and a higher variability (CV = 0.19) than midday Ψstem (CV = 0.08) and Ψpd (CV = 0.10). However, MDS correlated well with ET0 and with midday Ψstem (R 2 = 0.79) thus, making this parameter an interesting and promising tool for irrigation management in apple orchards. More research needs to be done in order to define reference values for MDS and plant water potential indicators, in relation to evaporative conditions and in different phenological periods, and to quantify the relationship between water status indicators values and apple tree yield and fruit quality.
机译：在1998年夏末，对成熟的田间种植的“金色美味”苹果树中的植物水分状况的各种指标作为灌溉管理工具的性能进行了评估。研究了对照（C）和胁迫（S）处理。在C处理中，每天以100％ETc 灌溉树木，而在S处理中，在31天内禁水（DOY为236-266）。在实验期间，每周测量几次黎明前水势（Ψpd）和中午茎水势（Ψstem）。在9月中旬连续五天每天进行3次气孔导度（gs ）和茎干水势的测量。 LVDT传感器记录躯干直径变化（TDC），并根据这些测量结果计算最大日收缩量（MDS），日生长量（DG）和累积生长量（CG）。在本文研究的指标中，午间“茎干”表现出对中等水分胁迫的响应与树木变异性之间最佳的比率（“信号/噪声”比），紧随其后的是“ pdd”。另一方面，最差的水状态指标是gs 。由于树木树干生长率低，且变异性高，DG和CG不足以作为指标。 MDS对水分胁迫的敏感性较低，变异性（CV = 0.19）高于中午的Ψstem（CV = 0.08）和Ψpd（CV = 0.10）。然而，MDS与ET0 和正午Ψstem（R 2 = 0.79）的相关性很好，因此使该参数成为苹果园灌溉管理的有趣且有希望的工具。为了定义MDS和植物水势指标的参考值，需要进行更多的研究，以与蒸发条件和不同物候期相关，并量化水状态指标值与苹果树产量和果实品质之间的关系。

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  • 来源
    《Irrigation Science》 |2007年第4期|351-359|共9页
  • 作者

    Jordi Doltra; José Antonio Oncins; Joan Bonany; Moshe Cohen;

  • 作者单位

    Departament de Tecnologia Hortícola IRTA. Ctra. de Cabrils s 08348 Cabrils Barcelona Spain;

    Departament de Tecnologia Hortícola IRTA. Ctra. de Cabrils s 08348 Cabrils Barcelona Spain;

    Fundació Mas Badia–IRTA Mas Badia 17134 La Tallada Girona Spain;

    Departament de Tecnologia Hortícola IRTA. Ctra. de Cabrils s 08348 Cabrils Barcelona Spain;

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