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Operational perspective of remote sensing-based forest fire danger forecasting systems

机译：基于遥感的森林火灾危险预测系统的操作视角

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Forest fire is a natural phenomenon in many ecosystems across the world. One of the most important components of forest fire management is the forecasting of fire danger conditions. Here, our aim was to critically analyse the following issues, (i) current operational forest fire danger forecasting systems and their limitations; (ii) remote sensing-based fire danger monitoring systems and usefulness in operational perspective; (iii) remote sensing-based fire danger forecasting systems and their functional implications; and (iv) synergy between operational forecasting systems and remote sensing-based methods. In general, the operational systems use point-based measurements of meteorological variables (e.g., temperature, wind speed and direction, relative humidity, precipitations, cloudiness, solar radiation, etc.) and generate danger maps upon employing interpolation techniques. Theoretically, it is possible to overcome the uncertainty associated with the interpolation techniques by using remote sensing data. During the last several decades, efforts were given to develop fire danger condition systems, which could be broadly classified into two major groups: fire danger monitoring and forecasting systems. Most of the monitoring systems focused on determining the danger during and/or after the period of image acquisition. A limited number of studies were conducted to forecast fire danger conditions, which could be adaptable. Synergy between the operational systems and remote sensing-based methods were investigated in the past but too much complex in nature. Thus, the elaborated understanding about these developments would be worthwhile to advance research in the area of fire danger in the context of making them operational. (c) 2014 International Society for Photogrammetiy and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS) Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：森林火灾是世界许多生态系统中的自然现象。森林火灾管理的最重要组成部分之一是火灾危险状况的预测。在这里，我们的目的是严格分析以下问题：（i）当前运行中的森林火灾危险预测系统及其局限性； （ii）基于遥感的火灾危险监测系统及其在操作方面的实用性； （iii）基于遥感的火灾危险预报系统及其功能含义； （iv）业务预报系统与基于遥感的方法之间的协同作用。通常，操作系统使用基于点的气象变量测量（例如温度，风速和方向，相对湿度，降水，阴天，太阳辐射等），并在采用插值技术时生成危险图。从理论上讲，可以通过使用遥感数据克服与插值技术相关的不确定性。在过去的几十年中，人们致力于开发火灾危险状况系统，可以将其大致分为两大类：火灾危险监测和预测系统。大多数监视系统集中于确定图像采集期间和/或之后的危险。进行了有限数量的研究以预测可能适用的火灾危险情况。过去曾研究过操作系统与基于遥感的方法之间的协同作用，但本质上过于复杂。因此，对这些事态发展的详尽了解对于在使它们发挥作用的背景下进行火灾危险领域的研究是值得的。 （c）2014年国际摄影摄影与遥感学会（ISPRS），由Elsevier B.V.出版，保留所有权利。

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