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首页> 外文期刊>日本原子力学会和文論文誌 >認知的タスク分析を適用した原子力発電所の保守計画不良の要因分析
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認知的タスク分析を適用した原子力発電所の保守計画不良の要因分析

机译:基于认知任务分析的核电厂检修计划失败因素分析

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摘要

原子力発電所で発生した不具合事象(事故・故障や軽微な事象など正常でない事象全体を指す。以下,不具合という)を分析し,同種・類似の不具合発生を未然に防止するための対策を検討する方法には,個別分析と懐向分析の2種類がある。このうち,傾向分析は,多くの不具合全体を量的に統計分析して不具合の発生傾向や共通要因等を抽出する方法である。%Imperfect maintenance planning was frequently identified in domestic nuclear power plants. To prevent such an event, we analyzed causal factors in maintenance planning stages and showed the directionality of countermeasures in this study. There is a pragmatic limit in finding the causal factors from the items based on report descriptions. Therefore, the idea of the systemic accident model, which is used to monitor the performance variability in normal circumstances, is taken as a new concept instead of investigating negative factors. As an actual method for analyzing usual activities, cognitive task analysis (CTA) was applied. Persons who experienced various maintenance activities at one electric power company were interviewed about sources related to decision making during maintenance planning, and then usual factors affecting planning were extracted as performance variability factors. The tendency of domestic events was analyzed using the classification item of those factors, and the directionality of countermeasures was shown. The following are critical for preventing imperfect maintenance planning: the persons in charge should fully understand the situation of the equipment for which they are responsible in the work planning and maintenance evaluation stages, and they should definitely understand, for example, the maintenance bases of that equipment.
机译:分析发生在核电厂中的故障事件(所有异常事件,例如事故/故障和次要事件;以下称为故障),并考虑采取措施防止发生类似或类似的故障。方法有两种:个体分析和回顾性分析。其中,趋势分析是一种从整体上对许多缺陷进行定量统计分析,并提取出缺陷发生趋势和常见因素的方法。在国内核电厂中经常发现不完善的维护计划%,为防止此类事件的发生,我们在维护计划阶段分析了因果因素,并在本研究中显示了对策的方向性。从项目中查找因果因素存在实用限制在此基础上,系统的事故模型被用来监视正常情况下的绩效变化,而不是研究负面因素,这被认为是一个新概念,而作为分析日常活动的一种实际方法,就是认知任务。应用了CTA分析法,对在一家电力公司进行过各种维护活动的人员进行了采访,了解了维护计划制定过程中与决策相关的来源,然后提取了影响计划的常见因素作为绩效变异性因素,分析了国内事件的趋势使用这些因素的分类项目,然后以下是防止不完善的维护计划的关键:负责人应在工作计划和维护评估阶段充分了解其负责的设备的状况,并且一定要了解,例如,该设备的维护基础。

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