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Effects of the NO_X SIP Call program on ozone levels in New York

机译：NO_X SIP呼叫计划对纽约臭氧水平的影响

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摘要

This study looks at the effects of the major U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-mandated ozone (O_3) control program implemented by New York State Department of Environmental Conservation since 2003. The study is based on ozone concentrations from eight sites representative of a range of geographic and land use conditions in the period 1995-2012. All sites show lower sample maximums of daily maximum 8-hr ozone concentrations. For example, in the period 2003-2012 compared to the period 1995-2002, the New York Botanical Gardens site experienced an 81%, 56%, and 25% drop in the number of days with daily maximum 8-hr ozone exceeding 85 ppb, 75 ppb, and 65 ppb respectively. For the same site, the frequency of hot days (with temperatures above 32℃) was about the same in both periods. However, a hot day from the period 1995-2002 was 2.1 times more likely to have daily maximum 8-hr ozone exceeding 75 ppb than a hot day in the period 2003-2012. Other sites showed similar results. A comparison of the underlying distributions of ozone and temperature indicates a broad-based reduction of expected ozone values and variability, confirmed as significant by bootstrap tests. Most of the sites exhibit significant albeit small (3%) increases in expected values of maximum afternoon temperatures, favoring increased ozone production. The contrary actually happened. Consequently, trends in observed concentrations are caused by reduced ozone production rather than by favorable meteorological conditions. The study findings are consistent with previous studies that relied on different data sets and analysis methods. Taken together, they demonstrate the effectiveness of the NO_x emission reduction programs in the New York state.
机译：这项研究着眼于纽约州环境保护部自2003年以来实施的美国主要环境保护局（EPA）强制实施的臭氧控制（O_3）控制计划的效果。该研究基于代表一个区域的八个地点的臭氧浓度1995-2012年期间的地理和土地使用状况所有站点的每日最高8小时臭氧浓度的样品最大值均较低。例如，与1995-2002年相比，2003-2012年期间，纽约植物园站点的日数分别减少了81％，56％和25％，每天最大8小时臭氧含量超过85 ppb ，75 ppb和65 ppb。对于同一地点，两个时期的高温天气频率（温度高于32℃）大致相同。但是，1995-2002年期间的高温一天，每天最大8小时臭氧含量超过75 ppb的可能性是2003-2012年期间的2.1倍。其他站点也显示了相似的结果。臭氧和温度的基本分布的比较表明，预期的臭氧值和可变性普遍降低，这已通过自举测试确认为显着。尽管最高下午温度的期望值略有增加（3％），但大多数站点都显示出显着增长，这有利于增加臭氧的产生。相反实际上发生了。因此，观测到的浓度趋势是由臭氧产量减少而不是有利的气象条件引起的。研究结果与以前的研究一致，后者依赖于不同的数据集和分析方法。两者合计，它们证明了纽约州NO_x减排计划的有效性。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of the air & waste management association》 |2013年第11期|1335-1342|共8页
  • 作者

    Nenad Aleksic; Jia-Yeong Ku; Leon Sedefian;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Air Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, USA,Division of Air Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation,625 Broadway, Albany, NY 12233-3259, USA;

    Division of Air Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, USA;

    Division of Air Resources, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Albany, NY, USA;

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