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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the air & waste management association >Airborne Emissions of Mercury from Municipal Solid Waste. Ⅱ: Potential Losses of Airborne Mercury before Landfill
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Airborne Emissions of Mercury from Municipal Solid Waste. Ⅱ: Potential Losses of Airborne Mercury before Landfill

机译：城市固体废物中的空气中汞排放。 Ⅱ：填埋前空气中汞的潜在损失

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Waste distribution and compaction at the working face of municipal waste landfills releases mercury vapor (Hg~o) to the atmosphere, as does the flaring of landfill gas. Waste storage and processing before its addition to the landfill also has the potential to release Hg~o to the air if it is initially present or formed by chemical reduction of Hg~Ⅱ to Hg~o within collected waste. We measured the release of Hg vapor to the atmosphere during dumpster and transfer station activities and waste storage before landfilling at a municipal landfill operation in central Florida. We also quantified the potential contribution of specific Hg-bear-ing wastes, including mercury (Hg) thermometers and fluorescent bulbs, and searched for primary Hg sources in sorted wastes at three different landfills. Surprisingly large fluxes were estimated for Hg losses at transfer facilities (～100 mg/hr) and from dumpsters in the field (～30 mg/hr for 1,000 dumpsters), suggesting that Hg emissions occurring before landfilling may constitute a significant fraction of the total emission from the disposal/landfill cycle and a need for more measurements on these sources. Reducing conditions of landfill burial were obviously not needed to generate strong Hg~o signals, indicating that much of the Hg was already present in a metallic (Hg~o) form. Attempts to identify specific Hg sources in excavated and sorted waste indicated few readily identifiable sources; because of effective mixing and diffusion of Hg~o, the entire waste mass acts as a source. Broken fluorescent bulbs and thermometers in dumpsters emitted Hg~o at 10 to > 100 μg/hr and continued to act as near constant sources for several days.
机译：城市垃圾填埋场工作面的废物分布和压实，以及垃圾填埋场气体的燃烧也将汞蒸气（Hg〜o）释放到大气中。如果最初存在或通过收集的废物中的Hg〜Ⅱ化学还原为Hg〜o的形式形成的废物，则在将其添加到垃圾填埋场之前，废物的存储和处理还可能将Hg〜o释放到空气中。我们在佛罗里达州中部的一个市政垃圾填埋场进行填埋之前，测量了垃圾箱和中转站活动期间以及废物存储过程中向大气中释放的汞蒸气。我们还量化了特定的含汞废物（包括水银温度计和荧光灯）的潜在贡献，并在三个不同的垃圾填埋场的分类废物中搜索了主要的汞来源。估计转运设施和田间垃圾箱中的汞损失通量大得令人惊讶（约100 mg / hr）（1,000个垃圾箱中约有30 mg / hr），这表明在填埋前发生的汞排放可能占总量的很大一部分处置/垃圾填埋周期产生的排放，以及需要对这些来源进行更多测量。显然不需要降低填埋场掩埋的条件来产生强的Hg〜o信号，表明大量的Hg已经以金属（Hg〜o）的形式存在。试图在已发掘和分类的废物中确定特定汞源的尝试表明，几乎没有可识别的源。由于Hg〜o的有效混合和扩散，整个废物质量充当了源。垃圾箱中破裂的荧光灯和温度计以10至> 100μg/ hr的速度释放Hg〜o，并持续数天作为接近恒定的源。

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