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Rotorcraft Aeromechanics: Getting through the Dip

机译：旋翼航空力学：通过浸透

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摘要

The development of significantly better performing helicopters and new types of rotorcraft will require that the subject of aeromechanics be mastered to a much higher level than it is now. A future goal must be to acquire a true predictive capability for problems in aeromechanics that are free of modeling contradictions. It is argued that we have reached a "dip" in the progress of furthering the capabilities of the helicopter and also in our abilities to innovate new forms of rotorcraft with sufficiently high levels of confidence and robustness in their design. This dip can be correlated to a large extent with our compromised capabilities in truly understanding the multiplicity of problems in aeromechanics, and in the inability to design-out the perceived "barrier" problems that limit, in some manner or other, the flight capabilities of all types of rotorcraft. In this context, it is postulated that such a dip coincides with a "comfort zone," where we have some factual knowledge of the physical problems but still mostly a tacit understanding and a postdictive (i.e., after the fact) modeling capability. On the other side of the dip is an improved paradigm where we have mastered the problems by having a fundamental scientific understanding and gaining a predictive capability of high confidence. Getting through the dip requires an invigorated investment in advanced rotorcraft research that will have more revolutionary outcomes if imaginative design solutions are to follow. Our overarching objective should be to make sound engineering design decisions based on validated models of aeromechanics that have verifiable predictive capabilities. To this end, it is argued that we must strive for mastery of the necessary understanding by using a much better balance of all of the tools available to us, including existing data, theory, numerical models, and the best types of new experiments that we can possibly devise, the latter which must encompass ambitious laboratory experiments, wind tunnel testing, and flight tests of new prototype vehicles. The extraordinary changes needed for advancement mean that we cannot continue to root our research in the comfort zone of only tentative or calibrated understanding, and so retaining only limited abilities to comprehend aeromechanical anomalies and resolve ever more challenging engineering crises. Finite resources will also dictate that we continue to work more efficiently to generalize both current and new knowledge of aeromechanics into much more useful forms, and to act aggressively to eliminate any efforts that are not aligned with the authentic purpose of improving the understanding of all rotorcraft and their component systems.
机译：性能显着提高的直升机和新型旋翼机的发展将要求对航空力学的掌握要比现在高得多。未来的目标必须是获得对航空力学中没有建模矛盾的问题的真正预测能力。有人认为，我们在提高直升机能力方面的进展以及在创新具有足够高的置信度和鲁棒性的新型旋翼航空器的能力方面已经达到了“低谷”。这种下降在很大程度上与我们在真正理解航空力学问题的多重性方面的折衷能力，以及无法设计出以某种方式或其他方式限制飞行能力的“障碍”问题有关。所有类型的旋翼飞机。在这种情况下，假定这种下降与“舒适区”相吻合，在那里我们对身体问题有了一些实际的了解，但仍然大部分是默契的和具有预测性的（即事后）建模能力。下降的另一面是一种改进的范例，其中我们通过具有基本的科学理解并获得了高置信度的预测能力来掌握了这些问题。渡过难关需要对先进的旋翼飞机研究进行有力的投资，如果要采取富有想象力的设计解决方案，它将有更多的革命性成果。我们的首要目标应该是基于经过验证的具有可验证的预测能力的航空力学模型，做出合​​理的工程设计决策。为此，有人认为，我们必须努力更好地平衡对我们可用的所有工具（包括现有数据，理论，数值模型和我们尝试的最佳新实验类型），以掌握必要的理解。可以设计，后者必须包括雄心勃勃的实验室实验，风洞测试和新原型车的飞行测试。进步所需要的非同寻常的变化意味着我们不能继续将我们的研究植根于仅具有初步或校准理解的舒适度，因此只能保留有限的理解航空力学异常和解决更具挑战性的工程危机的能力。有限的资源也将指示我们继续更有效地工作，以将当前和新的航空力学知识概括为更有用的形式，并采取积极行动消除与提高对所有旋翼飞机的理解的真实目的不符的任何努力。及其组件系统。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of the American Helicopter Society》 |2010年第1期|011001.1-011001.24|共24页
  • 作者

    J. Gordon Leishman;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Aerospace Engineering, Glenn L. Martin Institute of Technology University of Maryland, College Park, MD;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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