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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Planning Association >Redrawing the Planners' Circle
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Redrawing the Planners' Circle

机译：重绘兰纳斯的圈子

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Problem, research strategy, and findings For decades, planners have been drawing circles of a quarter-mile radius to determine easily walkable distances for neighborhood and activity center planning. However, the radius of such "planners' circles," or walksheds, is often informed more by convention than by data. Here we examine walk-trip distances based on two national household travel surveys for the United States and Germany. We describe how walk distances vary by personal and trip characteristics, with a particular focus on trip purpose and pedestrian age. We conducted both univariate and multivariate analyses to compare patterns between the United States and Germany. The multivariate analysis examines quantile regressions for 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles to understand both typical and longer walk distances. The observed distances that people walk vary significantly across age groups, trip purposes, and national contexts. Leisure trips tend to be longest, whereas shopping and errand trips tend to be shortest. There are substantial differences between the United States and Germany in the average lengths of walks (mean/median walk distance: Germany, 1,490/980 m, 0.93/0.61 miles; United States, 970/530 m, 0.60/0.33 miles) and in the effects of independent variables. A significant portion of the variation in walk-trip distances between the United States and Germany is likely due to Germany's higher quality walk environments. Takeaway for practice Rather than always resort to a quarter-mile or 400-m radius, planners can use the data here to customize the size of the planners' circle, or walkshed, they draw to take into account the primary trip purposes and demographic segments under consideration. Moreover, planners can draw circles with a shorter radius corresponding to the 50th percentile to plan for the most common walk-trip lengths while also considering larger circles corresponding to the 75th and 90th percentiles to provide more supportive and safer pedestrian environments for longer trips.
机译：问题，研究策略和结果数十年来，规划者一直在绘制一英里半径的圆圈，以确定邻里和活动中心规划的容易步行距离。然而，这种“规划师界”的半径通常通过惯例而言，通常更多地通过数据来了解。在这里，我们根据美国和德国的两个国家家庭旅行调查检查步行距离。我们描述了步行距离如何因个人和旅行特征而变化，特别关注旅行目的和行人年龄。我们进行单变量和多变量分析，以比较美国和德国之间的模式。多变量分析检查了50个，第75级和第90百分位数的分位数回归，以了解典型和更长的步道距离。观察到的距离人们在年龄群体，旅行目的和国家背景下显着变化。休闲旅行往往是最长的，而购物和差事旅行往往是最短的。美国和德国平均散步的大量差异（平均/中位距离：德国，1,490 / 980 M，0.93 / 0.61英里;美国，970/530 M，0.60 / 0.33英里）和独立变量的影响。美国和德国之间的行走距离变化的一部分变化可能是由于德国更高的高质量步行环境。实践的外带而不是总是求助于四分之一英里或400米半径，规划者可以使用这里的数据来定制规划师圈的大小，或者走路，他们借鉴了主要旅行目的和人口段在考虑中。此外，规划人员可以使用与第50百分位相对应的较短半径的循环绘制圆圈，以规划最常见的行走长度，同时考虑到75和90百分位的更大圆圈，以便为更长的旅行提供更高的支持和更安全的行人环境。

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